Table 1:
Data Characteristics
| Variable Group and Names | Description | Source | No. | Mean | Median | SD | Range (Min–Max) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variables | |||||||
| Deaths | Cumulated COVID-19 deaths per million persons, 150 days after 10th confirmed case | OWID | 143 | 96.8 | 27.4 | 155.7 | 0.1–848.7 |
| Cases | Cumulated COVID-19 cases per million persons, 150 days after 10th confirmed case | OWID | 143 | 2,756.9 | 1,250.8 | 3,370.9 | 8.3–18,298.6 |
| Inequality and poverty | |||||||
| Gini | Income Gini coefficient, 2018 | WDI | 143 | 38.5 | 36.7 | 8.2 | 24.2–63.0 |
| GiniW | Wealth Gini coefficient, 2019 | CS | 143 | 77.1 | 78.2 | 7.0 | 50.3–88.6 |
| Pov | % of population with < $ 1.90 income or consumption per day (US$, 2011 PPP), 2018 | WDI | 141 | 13.6 | 2.1 | 20.1 | 0.0–77.6 |
| Pov5.5 | Same as Pov but with US$5.50 poverty line | WDI | 141 | 39.1 | 27.8 | 35.5 | 0.0–97.7 |
| SocPov | “Societal poverty” headcount; see text for details | WB | 142 | 27.3 | 24.0 | 15.3 | 3.0–75.8 |
| Demography | |||||||
| Age | % of population aged 65 y or older, 2019 | WDI | 143 | 9.5 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 1.2–28.0 |
| Urban | Urban population as % of total population 2019 | WDI | 143 | 60.3 | 61.9 | 21.1 | 13.3–98.0 |
| Health | |||||||
| BCG | Country has a universal BCG vaccination policy | BCGWA | 142 | 0.820 | 1 | 0.384 | 0–1 |
| Beds | Hospital beds per 1,000 people, 2015 | WDI | 143 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 0.1–13.4 |
| Obesity | % with BMI ≥ 30, adults | WHO | 141 | 18.0 | 20.2 | 8.3 | 3.6–36.2 |
| Geography | |||||||
| Density | Population density | WDI | 143 | 153.9 | 82.2 | 242.5 | 3.0–1,719.0 |
| FromEq | Distance from equator (km) | Harvard | 143 | 2,978 | 2,648 | 1,933 | 0–7,186 |
| Island | 1 if island, 0 otherwise | Harvard | 143 | 0.140 | 0 | 0.347 | 0–1 |
| Season of COVID-19 start | |||||||
| Winter | 1 if winter start, 0 otherwise | OWID | 143 | 0.594 | 1 | 0.491 | 0–1 |
| Spring | 1 if spring start, 0 otherwise | OWID | 143 | 0.210 | 0 | 0.407 | 0–1 |
| Summer | 1 if summer start, 0 otherwise | OWID | 143 | 0.098 | 0 | 0.297 | 0–1 |
| Fall | 1 if fall start, 0 otherwise | OWID | 143 | 0.098 | 0 | 0.297 | 0–1 |
| Economy | |||||||
| GDPpc | GDP per capita (US$ PPP), 2019 | WDI | 143 | 20,521 | 13,574 | 20,717 | 984–121,293 |
| Tourism | Tourist arrivals by air per 100,000 population, 2019 | WDI | 136 | 6.7 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.0–68.7 |
| Government | |||||||
| Democracy | 2020 Democracy Index | EIU | 139 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 2.1 | 1.1–9.8 |
| TrustGovt | % indicating confidence in their national government | Gallup | 36 | 44.1 | 41.5 | 13.5 | 16–81 |
Notes: Data are unweighted. COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; OWID = Our World in Data (2021); WDI = world development indicators (World Bank 2020); CS = Credit Suisse (2021); PPP = purchasing power parity; WB = World Bank staff; BCG = Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; BCGWA = BCG World Atlas (2021); BMI = body mass index; WHO = World Health Organization (2021); Harvard = Harvard WorldMap (n.d.); GDP = gross domestic product; EIU = Economist Intelligence Unit (2021); Gallup = Gallup world poll as reported by OECD (2021)
Source:Author’s compilation.