Fig. 6.

Effect of GSK3 inhibitors on the protein levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated SIM-A9 cells. All compounds show a statistically significant reduction of the LPS-stimulated upregulation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β (a), IL-6 (b), and TNF-α (c). Data is expressed as means ± SEM. Group comparisons were drawn using one-way ANOVA, followed by the Student–Newman–Keuls post hoc test; *P-value < 0.05 (relative to the LPS-stimulated group); $P-value < 0.05 (relative to negative [untreated] controls); #P-value < 0.05 (BRD0705 at any given concentration relative to BRD3731 at the corresponding concentration)