TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study subjects.
| . | Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | Patient 5 | Patient 6 | Mean ± SD/n (%) |
| Age (year) | 53 | 48 | 70 | 71 | 56 | 70 | 61 ± 10 |
| Gender | |||||||
| Male | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 (100.00) |
| Height (cm) | 166 | 180 | 164 | 165 | 178 | 165 | 170 ± 7 |
| Weight (kg) | 83 | 78 | 58 | 61 | 96 | 62 | 73 ± 15 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.1 | 24.1 | 21.6 | 22.4 | 30.3 | 22.8 | 25.2 ± 3.9 |
| Smoking | Y | Y | EXa | Y | Y | Y | 5 (83.33) |
| Vital signs | |||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 141 | 130 | 132 | 127 | 115 | 90 | 123 ± 18 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 89 | 75 | 77 | 74 | 79 | 61 | 76 ± 9 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 91 | 75 | 58 | 49 | 81 | 99 | 76 ± 19 |
| Oximetry (%) | – | 95 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99 ± 2 |
| Medical history | |||||||
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | N | N | N | N | Y | N | 1 (16.67) |
| Hypertension | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | 4 (66.67) |
| Dyslipidemia | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | 4 (66.67) |
| Old myocardial infarction | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| Prior heart failure | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| Coronary artery disease | N | N | Y | N | N | N | 1 (16.67) |
| ESRD | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| Stroke | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| COPD | N | N | Y | N | N | N | 1 (16.67) |
| Liver cirrhosis | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| Cancer | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| Infarct-related artery | |||||||
| LM | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| LAD | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | 4 (66.67) |
| LCX | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| RCA | N | N | Y | Y | N | N | 2 (33.33) |
| Culprit vessel TIMI flow after PCI | |||||||
| 0 | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| 1 | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| 2 | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| 3 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 (100.00) |
| Killip classification | |||||||
| I | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 5 (83.33) |
| II | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| III | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| IV | N | Y | N | N | N | N | 1 (16.67) |
| NYHA functional classification | |||||||
| I | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| II | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 (100.00) |
| III | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| IV | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| LVEF (%) by echocardiography after PCI | 40.7 | 42.5 | 46.0 | 46.3 | 39.9 | 42.6 | 43.0 ± 2.7 |
| Significant valvular heart disease | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| New onset atrial fibrillation | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| Laboratory test at emergency room | |||||||
| AST (IU/L) | 116 | 13 | 16 | 13 | 52 | 15 | 38 ± 41 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.95 | 1.59 | 1.05 | 1.14 | 0.91 | 1.19 | 1.14 ± 0.25 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 83 | 47 | 70 | 63 | 86 | 60 | 68 ± 15 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 138 | 140 | 139 | 141 | 140 | 143 | 140 ± 2 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.3 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 3.9 ± 0.3 |
| RBC (106/μL) | 6.04 | – | – | 5.38 | 5.58 | 4.88 | 5.47 ± 0.48 |
| WBC (103/μL) | 13.7 | 18.2 | 8.2 | 15.0 | 10.5 | 5.3 | 11.8 ± 4.7 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 17.6 | 16.2 | 14.5 | 15.4 | 16.6 | 16.4 | 16.1 ± 1.1 |
| Platelet count (103/μL) | 219 | 288 | 213 | 233 | 249 | 251 | 242 ± 27 |
| Troponin-I (ng/mL) | 0.3769 | 0.2800 | <0.0100 | 0.0371 | <0.0100 | 0.2808 | 0.2437 ± 0.1451 |
| Medications | |||||||
| Aspirin | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 (100.00) |
| Clopidogrel | N | Y | N | N | N | N | 1 (16.67) |
| Ticagrelor | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | 5 (83.33) |
| Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | 2 (33.33) |
| Heparin | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 (100.00) |
| Beta blockers | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 (100.00) |
| ACEI/ARB | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 (100.00) |
| MRA | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| Statins | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 6 (100.00) |
| Vasopressor | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| Mechanical ventilation | N | N | N | N | N | N | 0 (0.00) |
| IABP | N | Y | N | N | N | N | 1 (16.67) |
aEx-smoker.
ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin ii receptor blocker; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; LM, left main; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NYHA, New York heart association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RBC, red blood cell; RCA, right coronary artery; SD, standard deviation; TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction; WBC, white blood cell.