Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients.
| Characteristic | Values or proportions |
|---|---|
| Number of patients (n) | 104 |
| Male (n) | 71 (68%) |
| Female (n) | 33(32%) |
| Age (years) | 34.60 ± 11.70 (18 - 68) |
| Diseased side (Right/Left) | 61/43 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.01 ± 3.44 (16.26 – 32.41) |
| Dominant side (Right/Left) | 64/40 |
| Duration of elbow stiffness (months) | 29.65 ± 51.23 (6 - 324) |
| Follow-up time (months) | 43.47 ± 10.39 (26 - 62) |
| Preoperative pain (n) | 45 (43%) |
| Preoperative nerve symptoms (n) | 24 (23%) |
| Preoperative moderate instability (n) | 5 (5%) |
| Original injury types (n) | |
| Distal humerus fracture | 31 (30%) |
| Olecranon fracture | 14 (13%) |
| Radial head fracture | 10 (10%) |
| Elbow dislocation | 13 (13%) |
| Multiple fractures/injuries | 23 (22%) |
| Terrible triad | 11 (10%) |
| Monteggia fracture | 1 (1%) |
| Coronoid process fracture | 1 (1%) |
| Mechanism of injury (n) | |
| Low energy | 58 (56%) |
| High energy | 46 (44%) |
| Severity of stiffness | |
| Minimum or functional stiffness | 0 (0%) |
| Moderate stiffness | 30 (29%) |
| Severe stiffness | 43 (41%) |
| Very severe stiffness | 31 (30%) |
| Diabetes | 1 (1%) |
| Hypertension | 4(4%) |