Figure 1.

Experimental setup. (A) Depiction of the experimental setup where the participant is seated in a chair and viewing the wrist flexion muscular performance level on a computer screen as they attempt to match the prescribed targets. The tested arm was secured to reduce extraneous motion and the subject's wrists were in prone position. (B) A cartoon depicts the concept of the visual feedback displayed for subjects during the isometric wrist flexion task. Subjects were tested at rest (left) and during 10 to 20% (right) of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). (C) Depiction of the positioning of the wrist within the wrist position sense test apparatus. The subject's vision of wrist position was occluded, and a black pointer located on top of the apparatus (not shown) was used by the participant to indicate the perceived wrist position.