TABLE 3.
The age-standardized DALY rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 1990–2019 and its temporal trends.
| Characteristics | 1990 | 2019 | 1990–2019 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age-standardized DALY rate (per 100,000) | Age-standardized DALY rate (per 100,000) | Change in number No. (%) | EAPC | |||
| No. (95% UI) | Male/female ratio | No. (95% UI) | Male/female ratio | No. (95% CI) | ||
| Global | 2107.59 (2266.19, 1836.22) | 1.50707409 | 1293.74 (1403.57, 1182.99) | 1.407727897 | 0.21 (0.36, 0.12) | −1.87 (−1.94, −1.81) |
| Gender | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Male | 2601.44 (2817.61, 2288.63) | — | 1538.69 (1690.30, 1399.47) | — | 0.21 (0.36, 0.12) | −1.99 (−2.05, −1.92) |
| Female | 1726.15 (1896.69, 1395.38) | — | 1093.03 (1208.96, 965.72) | — | 0.20 (0.35, 0.08) | −1.78 (−1.85, −1.71) |
| Sociodemographic index | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Low SDI | 2749.84 (3068.74, 2370.45) | 1.265562689 | 2048.37 (2247.14, 1802.01) | 1.175737033 | 0.55 (0.72, 0.41) | −1.06 (−1.14, −0.98) |
| Low-middle SDI | 3504.76 (3836.69, 2997.35) | 1.371108933 | 2314.24 (2562.08, 2029.67) | 1.332012113 | 0.43 (0.59, 0.27) | −1.50 (−1.56, −1.45) |
| Middle SDI | 2712.23 (2951.54, 2230.86) | 1.293526541 | 1316.93 (1449.40, 1199.96) | 1.497322867 | 0.11 (0.35, −0.01) | −2.73 (−2.82, −2.63) |
| High-middle SDI | 1767.21 (1926.22, 1507.45) | 1.729409501 | 837.00 (948.78, 750.92) | 1.590300714 | −0.14 (0.10, −0.22) | −3.01 (−3.17, −2.86) |
| High SDI | 1109.21 (1283.53,961.09) | 1.518449598 | 924.07 (1067.03, 797.20) | 1.196220418 | 0.36 (0.41, 0.28) | −0.66 (−0.73, −0.60) |
| Region | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Andean latin america | 1035.12 (1176.30, 903.56) | 1.139196949 | 680.12 (811.82, 559.51) | 1.161461396 | 0.13 (0.31, −0.02) | −1.24 (−1.43, −1.05) |
| Australasia | 1376.88 (1606.72, 1179.57) | 1.449318312 | 946.08 (1128.11, 793.37) | 1.069345037 | 0.28 (0.37, 0.19) | −1.63 (−1.78, −1.49) |
| Caribbean | 1082.25 (1261.62, 917.66) | 1.159544094 | 960.20 (1118.46, 797.86) | 1.215213762 | 0.34 (0.52, 0.19) | −0.39 (−0.44, −0.34) |
| Central asia | 1290.81 (1380.62, 1147.50) | 1.807079373 | 937.22 (1056.72, 847.05) | 1.724021074 | 0.06 (0.27, −0.04) | −1.74 (−2.01, −1.46) |
| Central europe | 1072.36 (1197.13, 963.33) | 2.096441934 | 678.01 (787.39, 583.53) | 1.63068517 | −0.18 (−0.11, −0.24) | −1.64 (−1.78, −1.51) |
| Central latin America | 1030.45 (1132.59, 936.74) | 1.218180072 | 784.43 (890.61, 686.77) | 1.239158911 | 0.62 (0.81, 0.46) | −1.15 (−1.23, −1.06) |
| Central sub-saharan africa | 2152.87 (2792.55, 1630.09) | 1.02899157 | 1625.00 (2246.80, 1229.32) | 0.988275754 | 0.61 (0.96, 0.30) | −0.99 (−1.12, −0.87) |
| East asia | 3845.41 (4279.44, 2938.76) | 1.304870342 | 1270.89 (1470.61, 1120.48) | 1.537069094 | −0.21 (0.14, −0.33) | −4.16(-4.32, -4.00) |
| Eastern europe | 1111.67 (1234.04, 943.64) | 2.429138227 | 537.15 (633.55, 467.11) | 2.202838767 | −0.46 (−0.32, −0.51) | −3.36 (−3.66, −3.06) |
| Eastern sub-saharan africa | 1822.22 (2047.46, 1588.45) | 1.322199991 | 1231.52 (1392.41, 1082.84) | 1.362047031 | 0.37 (0.63, 0.22) | −1.46 (−1.50, −1.42) |
| High-income asia pacific | 837.64 (984.42, 713.06) | 1.722457204 | 468.37 (561.90, 392.53) | 1.695201421 | 0.12 (0.23, 0.03) | −2.34 (−2.50, −2.18) |
| High-income north america | 1309.32 (1514.62, 1138.88) | 1.29660907 | 1374.00 (1570.24, 1180.95) | 1.072346616 | 0.73 (0.81, 0.55) | 0.29 (0.24, 0.34) |
| North africa and middle east | 1403.74 (1560.45, 1252.64) | 1.272865941 | 1033.42 (1149.27, 906.68) | 1.295093124 | 0.61 (0.76, 0.47) | −1.24 (−1.31, −1.17) |
| Oceania | 4495.51 (5182.71, 3837.12) | 1.153149037 | 3677.62 (4477.19, 3020.87) | 1.07170978 | 0.84 (1.24, 0.51) | −0.69 (−0.72, −0.66) |
| South asia | 3830.22 (4261.91, 3350.24) | 1.327130642 | 2559.27 (2879.03, 2206.93) | 1.239458147 | 0.64 (0.86, 0.43) | −1.12 (−1.28, −0.96) |
| Southeast asia | 2163.45 (2373.96, 1822.55) | 1.617545423 | 1383.12 (1511.65, 1235.32) | 1.925190833 | 0.31 (0.46, 0.18) | −1.59 (−1.64, −1.54) |
| Southern latin america | 1006.41 (1149.56, 889.66) | 1.646307733 | 942.10 (1086.82, 817.88) | 1.342995234 | 0.57 (0.68, 0.46) | −0.36 (−0.47, −0.25) |
| Southern sub-saharan africa | 1861.61 (2094.22, 1647.57) | 1.456911392 | 1387.64 (1520.81, 1263.76) | 1.584044386 | 0.34 (0.48, 0.22) | −1.20 (−1.57, −0.83) |
| Tropical latin america | 1366.72 (1516.07, 1238.72) | 1.456546424 | 909.91 (1037.21, 808.60) | 1.295126164 | 0.43 (0.53, 0.33) | −1.81 (−1.97, −1.65) |
| Western europe | 1034.21 (1205.75, 899.30) | 1.751412642 | 769.63 (900.99, 660.74) | 1.260445148 | 0.09 (0.14, 0.03) | −1.10 (−1.18, −1.02) |
| Western sub-saharan africa | 1524.38 (1739.37, 1310.15) | 1.243206475 | 1128.76 (1272.71, 986.27) | 1.285658232 | 0.68 (0.89, 0.47) | −0.95 (−1.00, −0.90) |
| Abbreviations: DALY, disability adjusted life-years; NA, not available; UI, uncertainty interval | ||||||