Table 3. Comparison of values of SF-36 at baseline and after four weeks of intervention.

Outcome variables	Exercise group	WBV group	Independent t-test	Within group effect	Between group effect	Time × intervention interaction effect
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	t (p-value)	ɳp2 (p-value)	ɳp2 (p-value)	ɳp2 (p-value)
General health
Pre	55.2 ± 22.6	56.1 ± 18.4		0.61 (< 0.001)*	0.04 (0.280)	0.11 (0.060)
Post	69.4 ± 21.3	81.9 ± 8.4
Post-pre (Change)	14.1 ± 16.9	25.83 ± 15.9	1.93 (0.063)
Physical functioning
Pre	83.0 ± 12.5	70.6 ± 17.7		0.87 (< 0.001)*	0.0001 (0.990)	0.0001 (0.990)
Post	95.3 ± 6.9	92.6 ± 6.5
Post-pre (Change)	12.3 ± 10.1	22.0 ± 15.9	1.98 (0.057)
Role limitation due to physical healtha
Pre	58.3 ± 36.1	25.0 ± 31.3		0.89 (< 0.001)*	0.09 (0.200)	0.24 (0.030)*
Post	83.3 ± 27.8	88.3 ± 18.5
Post-pre (Change)	25.0 ± 23.1	63.3 ± 29.6	3.94 (< 0.001)*
Role limitation due to emotional problemsa
Pre	37.7 ± 30.5	15.5 ± 30.5		0.93 (< 0.001)*	0.33 (0.040)*	0.09 (0.310)
Post	68.8 ± 38.7	64.4 ± 29.4
Post-pre (Change)	31.1 ± 15.2	48.8 ± 30.5	2.01 (0.050)*
Social functioning
Pre	55.0 ± 23.0	59.1 ± 12.0		0.69 (< 0.001)*	0.06 (0.160)	0.07 (0.130)
Post	74.1 ± 24.7	87.5 ± 9.4
Post-pre (Change)	19.1 ± 21.5	28.3 ± 8.7	1.52 (0.139)
Pain
Pre	67.0 ± 21.8	55.6 ± 21.1		0.78 (< 0.001)*	0.06 (0.180)	0.05 (0.200)
Post	87.6 ± 15.0	82.3 ± 11.5
Post-pre (Change)	20.6 ± 11.7	26.6 ± 13.6	1.28 (0.208)
Energy/fatigue
Pre	47.3 ± 16.9	44.6 ± 12.1		0.82 (< 0.001)*	0.02 (0.370)	0.24 (0.006)*
Post	66.6 ± 18.2	77.6 ± 5.6
Post-pre (Change)	19.3 ± 15.7	33.0 ± 8.1	2.97 (0.007)*
Emotional well being
Pre	49.8 ± 19.8	54.1 ± 14.4		0.80 (< 0.001)*	0.09 (0.100)	0.21 (0.010)*
Post	66.1 ± 21.7	81.6 ± 9.4
Post-pre (Change)	16.2 ± 13.2	27.4 ± 8.6	2.74 (0.010)*

WBV: whole-body vibration; DASS: Depression Anxiety Stress Scale; SF-36: Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36.

^aanalyses were done using log transformed values;*Significant difference.