Fig. 5.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19/interleukin (IL)-38 axis involving IL-36 receptor (IL-36R) harbours the anti-inflammatory property in osteoarthritis (OA) in vitro. a) Binding between mouse IL-38 and IL-36R in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) analyzed by receptor-binding assay. b) Binding between IL-38 and IL-36R in PBMCs detected by co-immunoprecipitation assay. c) Transfection efficiency detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. d) Levels of pro-inflammatory factors in PBMCs after various treatments. In panels c) and d), *p < 0.05 versus co-treatment of oe-negative control (NC) and sh-NC; #p < 0.05 versus co-treatment of oe-H19 and sh-NC. The measurement data were expressed as mean (standard deviation). One-way analysis of variance was used for data comparison among multiple groups, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Comparison of IL-38 expression among multiple groups was analyzed by two-way analysis of variance, followed by Bonferroni correction. The cell experiment was repeated three times independently. GFP, green fluorescence protein; IFN, interferon; OD, optical density.