Table 2.
Sample mean (standard deviation) of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), gluteus maximus (GMAX), gluteus medius (GMED) for men (M) and women (W), and tensor fascia lata (TFL) during squatting for all combinations of band stiffness (light, moderate, and heavy) and band position (thigh, lower leg, and forefeet) tested in this study. Myoelectric activity measured for the entire squat cycle was normalized to the myoelectric activity obtained for squatting without elastic resistance and is shown in %. Results are shown for male (M) and female (F) subjects as well as for the total sample pooled across sexes (M + F).
| Muscle | Sex | Thigh | Lower Leg | Forefeet | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Light | Moderate | Heavy | Light | Moderate | Heavy | Light | Moderate | Heavy | ||
| TFL | M | 99 (22) | 101 (23) | 106 (29) | 89 (25) | 104 (29) | 106 (27) | 99 (25) | 99 (22) | 116 (39) |
| F | 102 (26) | 102 (23) | 113 (24) | 99 (19) | 112 (23) | 116 (23) | 101 (27) | 111 (28) | 131 (34) | |
| M + F † | 101 (24) | 102 (21) | 110 (26) | 94 (23) | 108 a (26) | 111 a (25) | 100 (26) | 105 (25) | 124 B+a,b (37) | |
| GMed * | M † | 107 (18) | 117 (27) | 121 (33) | 114 (23) | 113 (24) | 131 b (33) | 119 (36) | 125 B (36) | 165 A,B+a,b (43) |
| F | 103 (27) | 117 a (37) | 148 a,b (63) | 115 (28) | 134 a (33) | 154 a,b (60) | 120 A (43) | 153 A+a (72) | 199 A+a,b (98) | |
| M + F | 105 (23) | 117 (32) | 135 (52) | 114 (26) | 124 (31) | 143 (49) | 119 (39) | 139 (58) | 183 (77) | |
| GMax | M | 104 (31) | 123 (35) | 142 (59) | 102 (21) | 111 (22) | 130 (20) | 108 (18) | 123 (25) | 161 (46) |
| F | 113 (27) | 117 (32) | 158 (41) | 118 (43) | 122 (38) | 140 (52) | 122 (42) | 144 (57) | 175 (75) | |
| M + F † | 109 (29) | 120 (33) | 150 a,b (50) | 110 (34) | 117 (31) | 135 a,b (39) | 115 (33) | 134 a,b (45) | 168 B+a,b (62) | |
| VM | M | 97 (13) | 95 (14) | 97 (12) | 97 (11) | 101 (9) | 101 (9) | 102 (10) | 99 (11) | 102 (9) |
| F | 103 (13) | 98 (17) | 98 (17) | 97 (14) | 100 (13) | 101 (16) | 98 (12) | 100 (16) | 100 (11) | |
| M + F | 100 (13) | 97 (12) | 97 (15) | 97 (12) | 101 (11) | 101 (13) | 100 (11) | 100 (14) | 101 (10) | |
| VL | M | 110 (31) | 112 (30) | 116 (36) | 104 (20) | 110 (16) | 105 (18) | 106 (21) | 106 (23) | 116 (26) |
| F | 107 (14) | 111 (20) | 129 (29) | 97 (14) | 100 (11) | 108 (19) | 102 (16) | 110 (19) | 117 (23) | |
| M + F | 108 B (2) | 111 B (25) | 123 B+a,b (33) | 100 (17) | 105 (14) | 107 a,b (19) | 104 B (18) | 108 B (21) | 117 B+a,b (24) | |
| BF | M | 94 (22) | 100 (25) | 111 (25) | 93 (13) | 92 (11) | 95 (16) | 98 (14) | 98 (23) | 95 (11) |
| F | 94 (13) | 97 (16) | 105 (14) | 97 (17) | 94 (12) | 96 (15) | 91 (12) | 106 (29) | 99 (17) | |
| M + F † | 94 (18) | 98 (21) | 108 B,C+a,b (20) | 95 (15) | 93 (12) | 96 (15) | 94 (13) | 102 (26) | 97 (15) | |
* Interaction between sex and stiffness; † interaction between band stiffness and position; superscript small letters (a, b) indicate greater myoelectric activity compared to the light, moderate, and heavy band stiffness, respectively; superscript capital letters (A, B, C) indicate greater myoelectric activity compared to the band around the thigh, the lower leg, and the forefeet, respectively.