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. 2022 Aug 1;10(3):49. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence10030049

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Intercorrelations and graphical representation of fixed-effects from MLM analysis of microworld performance indexed by accumulated block penalty (adapted from Birney et al. 2018, with permission from Elsevier; ref: 5356931314753). The model was of the following general form: Level 1: [ $Y_{i j} = π_{0 j} + π_{1 j} \cdot A t t e m p t_{j} + π_{2 j} \cdot D e l a y_{i} + π_{3 j} \cdot O u t f l o w_{i} + e_{i j}$ ]; Level 2: [ $π_{0 j} = β_{00} + β_{01} \cdot M o d e r a t o r_{j} + r_{0 j}$ ]; [ $π_{1 j} = β_{10} + β_{11} \cdot M o d e r a t o r_{j} + r_{1 j}$ ]; [ $π_{2 j} = β_{20} + β_{21} \cdot M o d e r a t o r_{j} + r_{2 j}$ ]; [ $π_{3 j} = β_{30} + β_{31} \cdot M o d e r a t o r_{j} + r_{3 j}$ ]. The values by the ovals are standardized regression coefficients of the fixed-effects for each parameter (β₀₀, β₁₀, β₂₀, and β₃₀), averaged across the separate moderator analyses. The values by the curved arrows are the correlations between fixed-effects in a baseline model (i.e., without moderator variables). Moderators (cross-level interactions; β₀₁, β₁₁, β₂₁, and β₃₁) included reasoning (verbal, numerical, abstract), personality (five-factor model), mindsets (goal orientations and implicit theories), and emotional intelligence (MSCEIT branches). See Birney et al. (2018) for details of additional covariates that were included.