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. 2022 Aug 19;13(1):196–217. doi: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2106111

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© 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — Biosynthetic pathway of melatonin in plants. The enzymes participating in this metabolism are tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), tryptophan hidroxylase (TPH), tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H), serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT), N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT), caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), and N-acetylserotonin deacetylase (ASDAC). Black arrows (TDC-T5H-SNAT-ASMT/COMT or TDC-T5H-ASMT/COMT-SNAT) are the common pathways; the dotted arrows (TPH-TDC) represent an uncommon pathway; the dotted arrow (ASDAC) represents a reverse pathway, and the dotted arrows (SNAT-?) represent the uncompleted pathway.