Table 3.

Costs and proceeds in open and robotic surgery before propensity score matching

	Open surgery n = 264	Robotic surgery n = 92	P value
Costs in €
Surgical ward	7227 (504–50,603)	6078 (1736–34,287)	0.116
Intensive care unit	2604 (438–161,309)	907 (0–69,460)	< 0.001
Dialysis	0 (0–27,334)	0 (0-8,416)	0.486
Surgery costs	4861 (2242–18,867)	7093 (2971–17,724)	< 0.001
Anesthesiology	2466 (1054–12,340)	2183 (711–8,806)	0.001
Cardiology	0 (0–10,176)	0 (0–0)	0.184
Endoscopy	0 (0–32,785)	0 (0–9600)	0.872
Radiology	587 (0–22,893)	477 (0–11,486)	0.399
Laboratory tests	1723 (297–32,729)	1224 (346–12,519)	< 0.001
Other diagnostic features	31 (0–1171)	21 (0–840)	0.094
Therapeutic methods (e.g., physiotherapy, ergotherapy)	254 (0–3532)	209 (0–2891)	0.040
Patient admission	0 (0–85)	0 (0–0)	0.403
Total costs in €	21,933 (7665–256,937)	20,907 (8612–135,373)	0.344
Proceeds in €
Surgical ward	5700 (1583–14,824)	5607 (1191–9129)	0.190
Intensive care unit	4474 (865–176,602)	4399 (1016–91,007)	0.002
Dialysis	0 (0–21,538)	0 (0–8947)	0.481
Surgery proceeds	6068 (1389–21,888)	4558 (1389–14,603)	< 0.001
Anesthesiology	2261 (484–8206)	1699 (614–4365)	< 0.001
Cardiology	10 (0–12,419)	8 (1–2141)	0.479
Endoscopy	321 (0–2103)	413 (161–1598)	0.823
Radiology	444 (233–17,025)	531 (261–4606)	0.098
Laboratory tests	1362 (344–25,122)	1264 (548–9260)	0.001
Other diagnostic features	215 (19–1361)	172 (80–1136)	< 0.001
Therapeutic methods (e.g., physiotherapy, ergotherapy)	286 (0–2850)	322 (0–1573)	0.004
Patient admission	97 (0–612)	98 (0–482)	< 0.001
Total proceeds in €	21,705 (9510–238,681)	21,479 (9510–127,283)	0.001
Net profit/loss in € (min/max)	+ 213 (− 34,019/+ 35,891)	− 912 (− 34,289/+ 11,815)	0.028

All data are presented as median and range, currency: Euro