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. 2022 Aug 23;12:14359. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18778-5

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Deviation of each catheter tip. The upper panels of (A) show the photographs of each catheter tip when the syringe was pulled at 20 or 100 mm/s. The lower panel of (A) shows the distance that catheter tips have moved from their resting points. The upper panels of (B) show the photographs of each catheter tip when the syringe was pushed at 20 or 100 mm/s. The lower panel of (B) shows the distance that catheter tips have moved from their resting points. All operations were performed with our device at velocities of 20, 40, 60, 80, or 100 mm/s in water. Black arrows indicate the location of each hole and red dots indicate resting points.