Table 1.
Characteristics of the baseline population (year 2010).
Note: Categorical variables are described as n (%), excluding missing values, if any, from the calculation of the percentage. Quantitative variables are described as median (interquartile range) [min-max]. Multimorbidity was defined as having concurrent diseases in ≥2 SNAC-K categories.
| Baseline population (year 2010) ( 671) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Women | Men | Non-multimorbid | Multimorbid | Fit | Frail | Total | |
| ( 821; 57.6) | ( 850; 42.4) | ( 120; 10.7) | ( 551; 89.3) | ( 818 ; 61.5) | ( 853; 38.5) | |||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 543 821 (100) | 0 (0) | 54 668 (54.1) | 489 153 (58.1) | 309 854 (53.3) | 233 967 (64.5) | 543 821 (57.6) | |
| Male | 0 (0) | 399 850 (100) | 46 452 (45.9) | 353 398 (41.9) | 270 964 (46.7) | 128 886 (35.5) | 399 850 (42.4) | |
| Age | 76 (12) [65-98] | 74 (10) [65-98] | 73 (12) [65-98] | 75 (12) [65-98] | 73 (10) [65-98] | 78 (11) [65-98] | 75 (12) [65-98] | |
| Deprivation index | ||||||||
| 1 (less deprived) | 80 428 (17.4) | 53 555 (15.8) | 19 136 (21.7) | 114 847 (16.1) | 89 880 (17.6) | 44 103 (15.2) | 133 983 (16.7) | |
| 2 | 71 503 (15.5) | 50 530 (14.9) | 13 905 (15.8) | 108 128 (15.2) | 79 744 (15.6) | 42 289 (14.6) | 122 033 (15.3) | |
| 3 | 71 938 (15.6) | 52 734 (15.6) | 12 949 (14.7) | 111 723 (15.7) | 80 019 (15.7) | 44 653 (15.4) | 124 672 (15.6) | |
| 4 | 67 925 (14.7) | 50 752 (15.0) | 11 049 (12.5) | 107 628 (15.1) | 74 583 (14.6) | 44 094 (15.2) | 118 677 (14.8) | |
| 5 (more deprived) | 59 908 (13.0) | 44 924 (13.3) | 8 950 (10.2) | 95 882 (13.5) | 61 947 (12.1) | 42 885 (14.8) | 104 832 (13.1) | |
| Missing | 82 006 | 61 581 | 12 987 | 60 407 | 70 894 | 72 693 | 143 587 | |
| eFRAGICAP | 0.11 (0.11) [0-0.64] | 0.08 (0.08) [0-0.56] | 0.03 (0.03) [0-0.28] | 0.11 (0.08) [0-0.64] | 0.08 (0.06) [0-0.11] | 0.17 (0.08) [0.14-0.64] | 0.11 (0.11) [0-0.64] | |
| Deficit count (total) | 4 (4) [0-13] | 3 (3) [0-20] | 1 (1) [0-10] | 4 (3) [0-23] | 3 (2) [0-4] | 6 (3) [5-23] | 4 (4) [0-23] | |
| Deficit count (diseases) | 2 (2) [0-15] | 2 (2) [0-14] | 0 (1) [0-4] | 2 (2) [0-15] | 1 (1) [0-4] | 4 (2) [0-15] | 2 (2) [0-15] | |
| Deficit count (SSLD) | 2 (2) [0-14] | 1 (1) [0-12] | 0 (1) [0-8] | 2 (2) [0-14] | 1 (2) [0-4] | 3 (2) [0-14] | 1 (2) [0-14] | |
| Frailty category | ||||||||
| Fit | 309 854 (57.0) | 270 964 (67.8) | 100 414 (99.3) | 480 404 (57.0) | 580 818 (100.0) | 0 (0) | 580 818 (61.5) | |
| Frail | 233 967 (43.0) | 128 886 (32.2) | 706 (0.7) | 362 147 (43.0) | 0 (0) | 362 853 (100) | 362 853 (38.5) | |
| Mild | 202 978 (37.3) | 116 523 (29.1) | 705 (0.7) | 318 796 (37.8) | 0 (0) | 319 501 (88.1) | 319 501 (33.9) | |
| Moderate | 27 489 (5.1) | 11 176 (2.8) | 1 (0) | 38 664 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 38 665 (10.7) | 38 665 (4.1) | |
| Severe | 3 500 (0.6) | 1 187 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 4 687 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 4 687 (1.3) | 4 687 (0.5) | |
| SNAC-K categories of chronic diseases | 5 (4) [0-26] | 5 (4) [0-23] | 1 (1) [0-1] | 5 (3) [2-26] | 4 (3) [0-17] | 7 (3) [0-26] | 5 (4) [0-26] | |
| Multimorbidity | ||||||||
| Non-multimorbid | 54 668 (10.1) | 46 452 (11.6) | 101 120 (0) | 0 (0) | 100 414 (17.3) | 706 (0.2) | 101 120 (10.7) | |
| Multimorbid | 489 153 (89.9) | 353 398 (88.4) | 0 (0) | 842 551 (100) | 480 404 (82.7) | 362 147 (99.8) | 842 551 (89.3) | |
| 2–5 diseases | 242 388 (44.6) | 197 908 (49.5) | 0 (0) | 440 296 (52.3) | 363 354 (62.6) | 76 942 (21.2) | 440 296 (46.7) | |
| 6–10 diseases | 213 328 (39.2) | 138 100 (34.5) | 0 (0) | 351 428 (41.7) | 115 360 (19.9) | 236 068 (65.1) | 351 428 (37.2) | |
| >10 diseases | 33 437 (6.1) | 17 390 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 50 827 (6.0) | 1 690 (0.3) | 49 137 (13.5) | 50 827 (5.4) | |
| Multimorbidity & frailty | ||||||||
| Non-multimorbid & Fit | 54 150 (10.0) | 46 264 (11.6) | 100 414 (99.3) | 0 (0) | 100 414 (17.3) | 0 (0) | 100 414 (10.6) | |
| Non-multimorbid & Frail | 518 (0.1) | 188 (0) | 706 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 706 (0.2) | 706 (0.1) | |
| Multimorbid & Fit | 255 704 (47.0) | 224 700 (56.2) | 0 (0) | 480 404 (57.0) | 480 404 (82.7) | 0 (0) | 480 404 (50.9) | |
| Multimorbid & Frail | 233 449 (42.9) | 128 698 (32.2) | 0 (0) | 362 147 (43.0) | 0 (0) | 362 147 (99.8) | 362 147 (38.4) | |
| Living in a nursery home | 21 236 (3.9) | 7 850 (2.0) | 1 539 (1.5) | 27 547 (3.3) | 6 749 (1.2) | 22 337 (6.2) | 29 086 (3.1) | |
| Receiving home care | 29 356 (5.4) | 11 962 (3.0) | 721 (0.7) | 40 597 (4.8) | 2 463 (0.4) | 38 855 (10.7) | 41 318 (4.4) | |
| Alcohol intake | ||||||||
| Non-drinker | 193 229 (86.6) | 91 264 (54.2) | 145 619 (67.3) | 138 874 (79.2) | 274 962 (72.9) | 9 531 (67.2) | 284,493 (72.6) | |
| Low-risk drinker | 28 987 (13.0) | 72 262 (42.9) | 66 582 (30.8) | 34 667 (19.8) | 96 884 (25.7) | 4 365 (30.8) | 101,249 (25.9) | |
| High-risk drinker | 946 (0.4) | 4 916 (2.9) | 4 076 (1.9) | 1 786 (1.0) | 5 581 (1.5) | 281 (2.0) | 5862 (1.5) | |
| Missing | 320 659 | 231 408 | 364 541 | 187 526 | 465 124 | 86 943 | 552 067 | |
| Smoking status | ||||||||
| Non-smoker | 50 581 (10.8) | 120 681 (34.7) | 91 126 (19.2) | 80 136 (23.5) | 162 939 (21.3) | 8 323 (16.4) | 171 262 (21.0) | |
| Exsmoker | 400 954 (85.7) | 165 264 (47.5) | 328 541 (69.3) | 237 677 (69.6) | 529 643 (69.2) | 365.75 (72.0) | 566 218 (69.4) | |
| Smoker | 16 129 (3.4) | 62 313 (17.9) | 54 701 (11.5) | 23 741 (7.0) | 72 532 (9.5) | 5 910 (11.6) | 78 442 (9.6) | |
| Missing | 76 157 | 51 592 | 106 450 | 21 299 | 77 437 | 50 312 | 127 749 | |