Table 1.

International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery classification of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage

Grade	Time of onset, location, severity, and clinical impact of bleeding		Clinical condition	Diagnostic consequence	Therapeutic consequence
A	Early intra- or extra-luminal mild		Well	Observation, blood count, USG, and, if necessary, CT	No
B	Early intra- or extra-luminal severe	Late intra- or extra-luminal, mild	Often well/intermediate very rarely life-threatening	Observation, blood count, USG, angiography, CT endoscopy	Transfusion of fluid/blood, ICU, therapeutic embolization relaparotomy for early PPH
C		Late intra- or extra-luminal, severe	Severely impaired life-threatening	Angiography, CT endoscopy	Localization of bleeding, angiography and embolization, (endoscopy) or relaparotomy, ICU

Early bleeding: < 24 h postoperatively. PPH postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, USG ultrasonography, CT computed tomography, ICU intensive care unit