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The top 10 rare earth elements in the research on the association of rare earth elements with cancer.
| Rank | Rare earth elements | N |
| 1 | Gadolinium | 492 |
| 2 | Lanthanum | 385 |
| 3 | Yttrium | 353 |
| 4 | Cerium | 261 |
| 5 | Holmium | 121 |
| 6 | Lutetium | 107 |
| 7 | Europium | 89 |
| 8 | Neodymium | 48 |
| 9 | Thulium | 46 |
| 10 | Ytterbium | 35 |
