Table 3. Univariable and multivariable analysis of factors for progression-free survival and overall survival in the study cohort.
| Factors | Progression-free Survival | Overall Survival | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable | Multivariable | Univariable | Multivariable | |||||||||
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |||||
| Gender: male vs female | 0.787 (0.505-1.227) | 0.291 | 1.844 (0.563-6.040) | 0.312 | ||||||||
| Age: <51 vs ≥51 years | 0.745 (0.480-1.156) | 0.189 | 0.474 (0.146-1.543) | 0.215 | ||||||||
| Tumor size: <40 vs ≥ 40mm | 1.135 (0.720-1.790) | 0.584 | 0.785 (0.262-2.350) | 0.665 | ||||||||
| Tumor location: head vs neck, body and tail | 1.582 (0.967-2.590) | 0.068 | 1.058 (0.287-3.892) | 0.933 | ||||||||
| Functional: no vs yes | 0.408 (0.126-1.321) | 0.135 | 1.443 (0.185-11.283) | 0.726 | ||||||||
| Lymph node positive: no vs yes | 1.128 (0.692-1.838) | 0.628 | 1.892 (0.472-7.592) | 0.368 | ||||||||
| Perineural invasion: no vs yes | 1.103 (0.668-1.823) | 0.701 | 1.599 (0.376-6.798) | 0.525 | ||||||||
| Microvascular invasion: no vs yes | 0.738 (0.431-1.263) | 0.268 | 3.938 (0.483-32.072) | 0.200 | ||||||||
| CgA: negative vs positive | 0.511 (0.206-1.271) | 0.149 | 0.659 (0.084-5.158) | 0.691 | ||||||||
| Syn: negative vs positive | 0.351 (0.048-2.575) | 0.303 | 0.167 (0.021-1.320) | 0.090 | ||||||||
| DAXX: negative vs positive | 1.411 (0.332-6.007) | 0.641 | 23.321 (0-3.78E+10) | 0.771 | ||||||||
| ATRX: negative vs positive | 2.470 (0.705-8.652) | 0.157 | 31.539 (0-1.10E+7) | 0.596 | ||||||||
| SSTR: negative vs positive | 0.512 (0.180-1.456) | 0.210 | 22.359 (0-1.26E+10) | 0.762 | ||||||||
| Metastases site: liver vs nodal/mesenteric vs peritoneum/others | 0.821 (0.479-1.409) | 0.475 | 0.608 (0.096-3.864) | 0.598 | ||||||||
| Metastases type: synchronous vs metachronous | 0.816 (0.462-1.443) | 0.485 | 0.270 (0.034-2.125) | 0.214 | ||||||||
| Surgery: yes vs biopsy | 3.443 (1.809-6.552) | 0.000 | NA | NA | 6.862 (1.969-23.916) | 0.002 | 4.254 (0.804-22.507) | 0.088 | ||||
| Neoadjuvant treatment: no vs yes | 2.186 (1.284-3.720) | 0.004 | 2.756 (1.474-5.153) | 0.001 | 0.743 (0.151-3.669) | 0.716 | ||||||
| Grade changes: G1/G2 vs G1/G2 increase to G3 | 2.281 (1.162-4.479) | 0.017 | 2.695 (1.273-5.706) | 0.010 | 4.418 (1.051-18.578) | 0.043 | 4.565 (1.063-19.612) | 0.041 | ||||
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; CgA, chromogranin; Syn, synaptophysin; DAXX, death domain associated protein; ATRX, alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked; SSTR, somatostatin receptor; NSE, neuron specific enolase; PROGRP, progastrin releasing peptide; TNM, tumor–node–metastasis; NA, not available; bold values indicate statistical significance.