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. 2022 Aug 9;24(8):e36620. doi: 10.2196/36620

Table 1.

Group 1: randomized controlled trials (N=6).

Intervention type, format, and duration Study aims (sample size) Engagement measures: connect Engagement measures: attend Engagement measures: participate Engagement measures: enact
Self-guided; iWaWaa; 9 modules [13] Assess the feasibility and acceptability of iWaWA among postpartum women with anxiety (89 participants)

  • Assessed for eligibility (n=147): recruited via social media, posters, and flyers and numbers recruited

  • Reasons for exclusion

  • 89 enrolled and randomized to treatment and control

  • Engagement with internet-based components

  • Attrition and attendance

  • Participant CONSORTb flow diagram (access, allocation, and follow-up)

  • Module views, module completion, number and duration of support calls

  • Treatment feasibility (engagement and usability) and acceptability (usefulness, satisfaction, and helpfulness) were assessed after treatment through semistructured interviews
Smartphone-based mobile app [50] Assess the difference in the levels of antenatal and postnatal depression in participants (660 participants)

  • Assessed for eligibility (n=803)

  • Reasons for exclusion

  • 660 enrolled and randomized (intervention or treatment as usual)

  • Participant CONSORT flow diagram (eligibility, enrollment, randomization, follow-up, and analysis)

  • Retention rates

  • The use of the app and other relevant services (eg, antenatal classes and other pregnancy resources: books and websites) documented by self-report

  • Postintervention survey included

  • Use of the app
Web-based compassion-based intervention; Kindness for Mums Online; 5-6 weeks [52] Assess the effect of the intervention on participants’ well-being (206 participants)

  • Assessed for eligibility (n=310)

  • Recruitment methods: social media and snowball sampling

  • Participant vouchers

  • Accessibility

  • Reasons for exclusion

  • 206 enrolled and randomized

  • Participant CONSORT flow diagram (enrollment, allocation, follow-up, and analysis)

  • Reporting of attrition and engagement (ie, completion of sessions and frequency or program use)

  • Acceptability: participants were asked to rate the ease of use and satisfaction after the intervention
A Chinese version of the MBSPc program; 10 hours of training with 36 episodes; 6-week internet-based intervention [53] Assess the effect of the mindful self-compassion intervention on preventing postpartum depression in a group of symptomatic pregnant women (314 participants)

  • Assessed for eligibility (n=472)

  • Screening and baseline assessment (n=344)

  • Reasons for exclusion

  • Randomized (n=314)

  • Participant CONSORT flow diagram (eligibility, allocation, follow-up, and analysis)

  • Attendance rates

  • Reporting of retention

  • Reporting of attrition

  • Feasibility and acceptability

  • After completing each exercise, participants were instructed to exercise the steps during the day; participants provided a graphical overview and a web-based diary book where they registered their reflections

  • Reporting of retention and attrition after the intervention
Condensed web-based version of an 8-week mindfulness course;
“Be Mindful Online”; 4 weeks on the web [54]		 Evaluate the potential of a web-based mindfulness course for expectant participant women (185 participants)

  • Assessed for eligibility (n=237)

  • Recruitment methods (email lists, social media advertising, and posters in community settings)

  • Reasons for exclusion

  • Enrolled and randomization methods

  • Participant CONSORT flow diagram (recruitment, allocation, follow-up, and analysis)

  • Regular reminders to log on or contact the research team via email

  • Reporting of retention and attrition

  • Postcourse evaluation 45 days after baseline
Mobile app for psychoeducation and postnatal depression; “Home-but not Alone” [51] Examine the effectiveness of the program in improving participant parenting outcomes (250 participants [couples])

  • Assessed for eligibility (n=360 couples)

  • Reasons for exclusion

  • Recruitment methods

  • Randomization methods to intervention or control

  • Participant CONSORT flow diagram (eligibility, recruitment, allocation, follow-up, and analysis)

  • The research team monitored the use of the app and parents received reminders each week

  • Intervention posttest

aiWaWa: internet-based What Am I Worried About.

bCONSORT: Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials.

cMBSP: Mindfulness-Based Strengths Practice.