Table 2.
Risk of incident MACEs and individual outcomes for the cumulative TyG index
| Cumulative TyG index | Events/No. at risk | Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| MACEs | |||||||||
| Low | 132/1292 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Moderate | 169/1255 | 1.32 (1.05–1.66) | 0.016 | 1.26 (0.96–1.66) | 0.095 | 1.25 (0.94–1.65) | 0.122 | 1.24 (0.94–1.64) | 0.136 |
| High | 171/1253 | 1.34 (1.07–1.69) | 0.011 | 1.39 (1.05–1.83) | 0.019 | 1.37 (1.02–1.83) | 0.035 | 1.38 (1.03–1.86) | 0.030 |
| Very high | 201/1,222 | 1.63 (1.31–2.03) | < 0.001 | 1.62 (1.23–2.15) | 0.001 | 1.58 (1.16–2.13) | 0.003 | 1.59 (1.17–2.16) | 0.003 |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
| CVD death | |||||||||
| Low | 51/1424 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Moderate | 70/1424 | 1.40 (0.97–2.01) | 0.069 | 1.40 (0.89–2.20) | 0.142 | 1.32 (0.84–2.09) | 0.235 | 1.32 (0.84–2.08) | 0.235 |
| High | 56/1424 | 1.11 (0.76–1.63) | 0.577 | 1.37 (0.86–2.18) | 0.183 | 1.34 (0.82–2.17) | 0.240 | 1.31 (0.80–2.13) | 0.281 |
| Very high | 79/1423 | 1.63 (1.14–2.31) | 0.007 | 2.05 (1.29–3.26) | 0.002 | 1.92 (1.16–3.16) | 0.011 | 1.97 (1.19–3.26) | 0.008 |
| P for trend | 0.028 | 0.004 | 0.016 | 0.017 | |||||
| Non-fatal MI | |||||||||
| Low | 46/1424 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Moderate | 73/1424 | 1.64 (1.14–2.37) | 0.008 | 1.59 (1.03–2.46) | 0.037 | 1.58 (1.01–2.46) | 0.044 | 1.64 (1.05–2.57) | 0.030 |
| High | 75/1424 | 1.68 (1.16–2.42) | 0.006 | 1.64 (1.05–2.57) | 0.030 | 1.55 (0.97–2.49) | 0.066 | 1.61 (1.00–2.59) | 0.049 |
| Very high | 94/1423 | 2.17 (1.52–3.09) | < 0.001 | 1.69 (1.08–2.63) | 0.021 | 1.66 (1.03–2.68) | 0.039 | 1.66 (1.02–2.70) | 0.041 |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.004 | |||||
| Non-fatal stroke | |||||||||
| Low | 47/1424 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Moderate | 43/1424 | 0.94 (0.62–1.41) | 0.751 | 0.98 (0.60–1.60) | 0.930 | 1.01 (0.61–1.65) | 0.979 | 0.97 (0.58–1.60) | 0.891 |
| High | 59/1424 | 1.29 (0.88–1.90) | 0.187 | 1.30 (0.81–2.07) | 0.277 | 1.30 (0.80–2.12) | 0.290 | 1.29 (0.79–2.12) | 0.312 |
| Very high | 48/1423 | 1.08 (0.72–1.61) | 0.707 | 1.23 (0.75–2.02) | 0.409 | 1.26 (0.73–2.17) | 0.416 | 1.29 (0.75–2.23) | 0.363 |
| P for trend | 0.381 | 0.134 | 0.133 | 0.115 | |||||
Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, education level, race, smoking status, drinking status, years of hypertension diagnosis, years of diabetes diagnosis, depression, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and history of CVD
Model 2: Adjusted for model 1 covariables plus plasma total cholesterol, HbA1c, LDL-C, and eGFR
Model 3: Adjusted for model 2 covariables plus statin, insulin, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, thiazolidinediones, and thiazide diuretics treatment
The bold values indicate that comparison between groups with significant statistical significance (P value < 0.05)
CI confidence interval, CVD cardiovascular disease, HR hazard ratio, MACEs major adverse cardiac events, MI myocardial infarction, TyG index triglyceride-glucose index