Table 2.
Blood-based liquid biopsy in BTCs
| Authors | Number of patients | Type of analysis | Relevance | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kumari et al. | 73 | cfDNA/qPCR | Higher cfDNA levels aid differential diagnosis with benign biliary conditions and correlate with the burden of disease | [24] |
| Wasenang et al. | 80 | cfDNA/MS-HRM | Levels of methylation of OPCML and HOXD9 can help differential diagnosis with benign biliary conditions | [25] |
| Mody et al. | 138 | ctDNA/Guardant® | Blood-based liquid biopsy can be used for molecular characterization and can identify clinically relevant alterations | [26] |
| Zill et al. | 26 | cfDNA/NGS | Blood-based liquid biopsy features a high level of concordance with tumor tissue analysis | [27] |
| Andersen and Jakobsen | 11 | ctDNA/multiplex digital PCR | Blood-based liquid biopsy features a high level of concordance with tumor tissue analysis | [28] |
| Lamarca et al. | 104 | ctDNA/FoundationOne Liquid® | Blood-based liquid biopsy features a high level of concordance with tumor tissue analysis | [29] |
| Chen et al. | 154 | ctDNA/NGS | Blood-based liquid biopsy features a high level of concordance with tumor tissue analysis and can identify genomic alterations in the majority of patients tested | [30] |
| Csoma et al. | 25 | cfDNA/NGS | cfDNA yield correlates with tumor burden; blood-based biopsy can be informative beyond tumor tissue analysis | [31] |
| Okamura et al. | 121 | ctDNA/Guardant® | Blood-based liquid biopsy features a higher concordance with metastatic tumor tissue than with primary tumor tissue | [32] |
| Ettrich et al. | 24 | ctDNA/NGS | Detection of mutations in BAP1, PBRM1, and KRAS via blood-based liquid biopsy was shown to predict a shorter PFS | [33] |
| Lamarca et al. | 11 | ctDNA/FoundationOne Liquid® | The presence of ctDNA following surgery could predict increased relapse risk | [34] |
| Aguado et al. | 210 | ctDNA/digital PCR | Blood-based liquid biopsy can identify IDH1 mutations and select patients for targeted therapies | [35] |
| Yang et al. | 187 | cfDNA/NGS | CNV detection by liquid biopsy can predict response to immunotherapy | [36] |
| Yarlagadda et al. | 1 | ctDNA/Guardant® | Blood-based liquid biopsy can identify uncommon targetable genomic alterations | [37] |
| Yu et al. | 1 | ctDNA/NGS | Blood-based liquid biopsy can identify uncommon targetable genomic alterations | [38] |
| Goyal et al. | 3 | ctDNA/ddPCR, Guardant® | Blood-based liquid biopsy can identify mechanisms of resistance to treatment | [39] |
| Goyal et al. | 4 | ctDNA/ddPCR, Guardant® | Blood-based liquid biopsy can help overcome resistance to targeted therapies | [40] |
ddPCR: droplet digital PCR; qPCR: quantitative PCR; MS-HRM: methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting