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. 2022 Jan 14;3(1):1–10. doi: 10.37349/etat.2022.00067

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© The Author(s) 2022.

This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Figure 1. — Mechanism of action of ADCs. (1) Circulating ADCs bind to target antigens on the myeloma cell via the monoclonal antibody portion; (2) the ADCs are endocytosed in endosomes; (3) ADCs are then degraded in lysosomes releasing the conjugated cytotoxic payload (toxin, chemotherapy agent, radioisotope, etc.); (4) the cytotoxic payload exerts (deoxyribonucleic acid) DNA damaging effects in the nucleus resulting in cell death; (5) the cytotoxic payload exerts its effects in the cytoplasm via microtubular polymerization and inhibition causing apoptosis