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. 2022 Jun 24;61(32):e202204234. doi: 10.1002/anie.202204234

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effects of ZIL on the chloroplast transfection efficiency of CTP/CPP‐MC in plants. A) Schematic illustration of CTP/CPP‐MC‐mediated reporter gene (GFP or Renilla luciferase (Rluc)) transfection of chloroplasts in ZIL‐pretreated plants. B) CLSM images showing GFP expression in epidermal cells in ZIL‐untreated and ZIL‐pretreated A. thaliana cotyledons 24 h after transfection with CTP/CPP‐MC or controls (naked pDNA or CTP/CPP‐MC containing pDNA for nucleus transfection (P35S‐GFP‐Tnos)). Scale bars, 40 μm. C) Boxplot representation of the relative transfection efficiency of each system based on the Rluc expression levels in ZIL‐pretreated A. thaliana seedlings 24 h post‐infiltration. Statistical significance compared to the control (CTP/CPP‐MC, ZIL (−)): **** P<0.0001 based on Dunnett's T3 test (n=20 biological replicates).