Fig. 5. Locoregional delivery of hybrid spheroids inhibits systemic immune responses to islet transplantation.

Serum and lymphoid organs were collected at 12 days after transplantation. (A) Serum levels of cytokines (n = 6). (B) Serum IFN-γ/IL-10 ratios. (C) Percentages of T cell populations on total gated cells in DLNs and SPLs (n = 3 to 6), as determined by flow cytometry. Gating strategies for regulatory CD4⁺ FoxP3⁺ T cells (T_reg), effector memory CD8⁺ CD44^high CD62L^low T cells (T_EM), and central memory CD8⁺ CD44^high CD62L^high T cells (T_CM) are shown in fig. S13. Data are expressed as the means ± SDs. Data in (A) and (C) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and data in (B) and serum IL-10 levels in (A) were analyzed using the unpaired two-tailed t test. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01.