Table 2.

List of clusters and statements with mean statement ratings.

Cluster	Statement	Average Rating
Convenience		5.4
I do not have to constantly leave what I am doing to go and smoke a cigarette.		6.2
I can take a drag or two off of my electronic cigarette instead of going out to smoke a whole cigarette.		6.2
I can vape inside or outside whenever I have a craving.		6.1
I keep my electronic cigarette with me at all times.		6.0
When I crave a cigarette/nicotine I can easily grab my electronic cigarette instead of a cigarette.		5.8
I do not have to make trips to the store, all I need is e-liquid and a charged battery.		5.8
Electronic cigarettes are easier for me to store and carry.		5.6
Keeping an electronic cigarette in my bag, in my car, and my house so it’s always available to me.		5.6
It’s a lot easier to carry and I don’t have to carry a whole pack of cigarettes.		5.5
Electronic cigarettes are easier to manage. Instead of having a cigarette and lighter, I have an “all-in-one.”		5.4
Not having to worry about keeping the cigarette lit and having a lighter.		5.4
I don’t have to buy ashtrays or lighters.		5.3
Electronic cigarettes are easier to use than cigarettes.		4.9
Vaping alters my usual, everyday smoking schedule.		4.8
I got rid of all my cigarettes and lighters when I started vaping.		4.6
I use electronic cigarettes when I run out of regular cigarettes.		4.0
Perceived Health Effects		5.4
Vaping has made me feel like I am making a better choice for my health.		6.1
Vaping has made me feel healthier.		6.0
I can vape more times per day with less negative effects.		5.9
Vaping is easier on the throat and lungs.		5.8
Even with nicotine, vaping doesn’t feel as addictive as smoking cigarettes.		5.7
Vaping made it easier to gradually reduce my nicotine intake by reducing the nicotine strength in my e-liquid.		5.7
Electronic cigarettes are healthier than regular cigarettes.		5.7
I can use my electronic cigarette on an empty stomach and I don’t become light headed.		5.6
I don’t cough uncontrollably anymore since I started using an electronic cigarette.		5.5
Vaping has improved my lung capacity.		5.4
I can use the electronic cigarette in the car without the second hand smoke harming my passengers.		5.4
Vaping makes me feel better and makes me want to be active.		5.2
I can vape even when I have a cold.		5.1
It’s safer to use around people other people with asthma.		5.0
I feel it vaping will not cause lung cancer.		4.9
I couldn’t exercise or engage in physical activity when I smoked cigarettes, now I can with the help of electronic cigarettes.		4.7
I seem to get sick less when I switched to vaping, and I recover faster when I do get sick.		4.7
Electronic cigarettes are harmless to the body.		4.3
Ease of use		5.4
I can quickly vape whenever and wherever I need to.		6.3
I vape when I am at home.		6.1
I use them in places where I cannot smoke a cigarette.		6.1
The electronic cigarettes/e-liquid lasts longer than cigarettes do.		6.0
I don’t have to get up frequently to go outside and smoke a cigarette.		5.9
Vaping is less expensive then smoking cigarettes.		5.8
I can vape when I’m in a friend’s car who doesn’t smoke.		5.6
I can vape discreetly.		5.4
You can smoke in most public places.		5.4
I don’t have to have the car window rolled down.		5.3
I sometimes take a puff at work when no one is looking.		4.4
I am allowed to vape in my office so I don’t have to go outside and walk away from my work.		4.3
I can make my own e-liquid.		3.1
Versatility and Variety		5.3
Vaping gives you different options for nicotine strength.		6.0
Electronic cigarettes have a variety of tobacco flavors.		5.9
The flexibility of being able to choose nicotine concentration, some days you want more some days you may not need any.		5.6
I started with a higher nicotine e-liquid to compensate for how much nicotine I was using when I smoked cigarettes.		5.0
Having a variety of flavors makes me smoke less.		4.9
I can sit at coffee shops/restaurants and use my electronic cigarette without persecution from others.		4.6
Advantages of ECIGs over Cigarettes		5.3
Vaping doesn’t smell as bad as regular cigarettes.		6.2
Vaping tastes better than smoking cigarettes.		6.0
Vaping doesn’t give me bad breath.		5.9
I can change the amount I inhale at a time.		5.6
The absence of smell on my clothes and hands reduces incidental cravings.		5.6
Vaping keeps me occupied.		5.5
I don’t feel the guilt when I vape.		5.5
The flavors can help to satisfy a hunger craving and that kills the urge to smoke cigarettes.		5.4
Vaping makes me feel more satisfied than smoking cigarettes.		5.1
Watching the massive amount of vapor that looks like smoke satisfies me mentally and physically.		4.9
Vaping feels easier on my lips.		4.9
It really helped when I first started vaping that the e-liquid tasted like my cigarettes.		4.5
Getting my partner on board to also try vaping and quitting smoking so I have a support system.		4.1
Cigarette Substitutability		5.2
Electronic cigarettes fulfill the hand to mouth action that mimics cigarette smoking.		6.2
Vaping provides a substitute for the familiar smoking rituals.		6.1
Fulfilled my nicotine urges and need to cradle an object in my hand.		6.0
Whenever I crave a cigarette I puff on my electronic cigarette.		6.0
I get the sensation of smoking without actually picking up a regular cigarette.		5.7
I use it throughout the day so I don’t feel the withdrawal of going without a regular cigarette.		5.6
After using my electronic cigarette I can still feel a nicotine buzz.		5.4
Vaping gives me something to do with my hands.		5.3
I use my electronic cigarette when I am stressed - when I see the exhaled vapor I feel like the stress leaves with it.		5.3
Helps calm my nerves when driving to work or home since I can’t smoke in the car.		5.2
I use electronic cigarette for late night/early morning cravings.		5.1
I have imagined my electronic cigarette is a “real” cigarette, and it satisfies my urge to actually smoke a real cigarette.		4.9
I am satisfied quicker with vaping compared to smoking cigarettes.		4.8
The width and length of my electronic cigarette is similar to a real cigarette which helps me reduce my smoking.		4.6
I use electronic cigarettes to fill in time between morning afternoon evening cigarettes.		3.8
I switched totally to electronic cigarettes the first day I started using electronic cigarettes.		3.5
Reducing Harms to Self and Others		5.0
It helps to not yellow my teeth.		5.6
I can taste my food better and enjoy it.		5.5
Don’t feel as bad about secondhand smoke.		5.5
I feel better vaping around my family/children and others because it doesn’t harm them.		5.2
Vaping is safer for my animals to be around.		5.0
Using electronic cigarettes around others who do not smoke helps me to smoke less.		4.8
I feel like I can control the level of toxicity I ingest by only using organic e-liquid.		4.2
I smoke half a pack of cigarettes instead of a full pack when using an electronic cigarette.		4.0
Social Benefits		4.7
Electronic cigarettes are more modern.		5.5
I vape whenever I feel like it and people don’t mind it.		5.5
Others are less irritated with me vaping than smoking.		5.3
It is more socially acceptable than cigarette smoking.		5.3
Vaping is easy on the eyes which has social value.		4.6
Vaping looks cooler than smoking cigarettes.		4.4
I buy higher wattage mods to get that smoke feeling.		4.2
I use vaping as a social habit to connect with friends who also enjoy vaping.		4.1
I experiment with a higher vegetable glycerin (VG) level and producing more smoke and attempting tricks as a hobby.		3.7