Table 1.
Host and Socioeconomic Factors: RV1 Vaccine Failures and Community Controls
| Characteristica | RV1 Vaccine Failures | Community Controls | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infant characteristics | |||
| Male | 73, 61% (52–69%) | 61, 51% (42–60%) | .12b |
| Exposed to HIVc | 17, 14% (9–22%) | 19, 16% (10–24%) | .72b |
| Low birth weight (<2.5kg) | 14/112, 13% (8–20%) | 12/118, 9% (5–16%) | .44b |
| Nonsecretor | 14/119, 12% (7–19%) | 34/120, 28% (21–37%) | .001b |
| Nutritional status | |||
| Median weight for age z-score (IQR)d | -0.37 (-1.39 to 0.45) | -0.42 (-1.0 to 0.36) | .88e |
| Median length for age z-score (IQR) | -0.68 (-1.75 to 0.95) | -0.76 (-1.98 to -0.06) | .19e |
| Median weight for length z-score (IQR)d | -0.62 (-1.58 to 0.37) | -0.05 (-1.32 to 0.88) | .11e |
| Sanitation and socioeconomic factors | |||
| Median household size (IQR) | 5 (4–6) | 4 (3–6) | .13e |
| Nonpiped water source | 22, 19% (12–27%) | 17, 14% (9–22%) | .37b |
| Time to access water | .52b | ||
| <5 min | 27, 23% (16–31%) | 20, 17% (11–25%) | |
| 5–30 min | 52, 44% (35–53%) | 52, 44% (36–54%) | |
| >30 min | 40, 34% (26–43%) | 45, 38% (30–48%) | |
| Pit-latrine type toilet | 116, 97% (91–99%) | 115, 96% (90–98%) | .73b |
| Electricity at home | 61, 50% (42–59%) | 55, 46% (37–55%) | .44b |
| One or more household members with salary | 82, 68% (59–76%) | 76, 63% (54–72%) | .41b |
| Household food insecurity | 40, 33% (25–42%) | 36, 30% (22–39%) | .58b |
| Median age of head of household in years (IQR) | 30 (26–37) | 30 (27–34) | .40e |
| Median years of maternal education (IQR) | 8 (5–11) | 9 (7–11) | .32e |
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; RV, rotavirus; RV1, monovalent oral rotavirus vaccine.
All proportions reported as number (proportion, 95% confidence interval of proportion). Denominator for all proportions n=120 for both cases and controls unless stated otherwise.
χ2 test.
11/17 RV gastroenteritis cases exposed to HIV and 15/19 community controls exposed to HIV had a negative HIV DNA polymerase chain reaction at 6 weeks old. One community control was known to be infected with HIV and on antiretrovirals. Status of remaining infants exposed to HIV was unknown.
Weight adjusted for dehydration status by adding 5% for some dehydration and 10% for severe dehydration.
Wilcoxon rank-sum test.