Table 2.
Summary of intercalation conditions used for the preparation of MXenes through etching methods
| Precursor | Obtained MXenes | Etching conditions | Intercalation conditions | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Etchants | Time and Temp.a | ||||
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HCl (6 M), LiF | 45 h, 40 °C | Sonication, 1 h | [61] |
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HF (50 wt%) | 18 h, RTb | Dimethyl sulfoxide, 18 h, RT; Sonication, 4 h | [85] |
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HCl (37.2 wt%), LiF | 24 h, 35 °C | TBAOH, 2 h | [86] |
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HF (50 wt%) | 22 h, RT | Dimethyl sulfoxide, 18 h, RT; Sonication, 6 h | [83] |
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HF (50 wt%) | 18 h, RT | N2H4·H2O, 24 h, RT | [87] |
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HF (40 wt%) | 4 h, 40 °C | NaOH, 2 h, RT | [88] |
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HF (0.1 g mL−1) | 0.5 h, RT | TMAOH, Handshaking, 2 min, RT | [82] |
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HF (49 wt%) | 20 h, 60 °C | Sonication, 5 h | [89] |
| Ti3AlC2 | Ti3C2Tx | HCl (9 M), LiF | 24 h, 35 °C | Sonication, 1 h | [90] |
| Ti2AlC | Ti2CTx | HF (10 wt%) | 10 h, ice bath | Dimethyl sulfoxide, 18 h, RT; Sonication, 4 h | [91] |
| Mo2Ga2C | Mo2CTx | HF (14 M) | 160 h, 55 °C | TBAOH, 18 h, RT | [76] |
| V2AlC | V2CTx | HF (48 wt%) | 92 h, RT | TBAOH, (C4H9)4NOH, 2–21 h, RT | [84] |
aTemp.: temperature; bRT: room temperature