Table 4.
Intensity of behavioural, eating and sleep problems before and during lockdown (quantitative variables)
| Intensity of behavioural problems before lockdown * | Intensity of behavioural problems during lockdown * | Cohen’s d | Rank-Biserial Correlation | 95% confidence interval | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Lower | Upper | ||||
| Category of behavioural problems | |||||||
| Aggressivity | 1.82 (0.79) | 2.17 (0.92) | -0.82 | -0.92 | -0.63 | < 0.001 **, a | |
| Self-aggressivity | 1.81 (0.86) | 1.94 (0.94) | -0.65 | -0.87 | -0.22 | 0.008 **, a | |
| Obsessions | 2.44 (0.99) | 2.56 (1.12) | -0.27 | -0.59 | 0.12 | 0.131 a | |
| Phobias | 1.75 (0.84) | 1.65 (0.91) | 0.23 | -0.24 | 0.61 | 0.330 a | |
| Problems related to a former diagnosis of schizophrenia | 1.07 (0.30) | 1.01 (0.18) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.149 a | |
| Impulsivity | 2.85 (0.94) | 3.01 (0.97) | -0.33 | -0.64 | 0.07 | 0.079 a | |
| Hyperactivity | 2.25 (1.16) | 2.31 (1.16) | -0.29 | -0.69 | 0.25 | 0.263 a | |
| Attention Deficit | 3.21 (0.84) | 3.24 (0.88) | -0.15 | -0.54 | 0.29 | 0.459 a | |
| Shyness | 1.77 (0.80) | 1.51 (0.72) | 0.64 | 0.29 | 0.84 | 0.004 **, a | |
| Anxiousness | 2.53 (0.96) | 2.67 (1.07) | -0.27 | -0.61 | 0.15 | 0.187 a | |
| Depressive tendencies | 1.37 (0.68) | 1.55 (0.93) | -0.57 | -0.81 | -0.15 | 0.013 **, a | |
| Restricted interests | 2.31 (1.03) | 2.67 (1.06) | -0.83 | -0.93 | -0.62 | < 0.001 **, a | |
| Repetitive behaviour / stereotypes | 2.76 (0.93) | 3.05 (0.97) | -0.74 | -0.88 | -0.49 | < 0.001 **, a | |
| Total score | 27.53 (4.45) | 28.93 (5.58) | -0.38 | -0.63 | -0.13 | 0.003 **, b | |
* Comparisons were limited to affected individuals who showed behavioural problems at both periods (see main text for detailed explanation)
** Significant at p < 0.05
a Wilcoxon signed rank test
b Student’s t-test for paired samples