Table 4.
Comparison of characteristics and outcomes between the interferon-based treatment-sustained virologic response and direct-acting antivirals-sustained virologic response groups: Unadjusted and propensity score matching groups
|
Variable
|
Before adjustment
|
PS matched
|
||||||
|
IBT-SVR group (n = 451)
|
DAA-SVR group (n = 817)
|
P
value
|
SMD
|
IBT-SVR group (n = 213)
|
DAA-SVR group (n = 213)
|
P
value
|
SMD
|
|
| Age, yr | 51.0 ± 10.6 | 59.1 ± 11.4 | < 0.001 | 0.741 | 53.9 ± 9.8 | 53.7 ± 11.4 | 0.823 | 0.022 |
| Male sex | 209 (46.3) | 394 (48.2) | 0.52 | 0.036 | 102 (47.9) | 97 (45.5) | 0.627 | 0.047 |
| HCV RNA, xlog10 IU/mL | 5.72 (4.77-6.37) | 6.04 (5.26-6.52) | < 0.001 | 0.278 | 5.84 (4.91-6.53) | 6.07 (5.21-6.50) | 0.439 | 0.073 |
| HCV genotype | < 0.001 | 0.406 | 0.731 | 0.058 | ||||
| 1 | 167 (37.0) | 464 (56.8) | 95 (44.6) | 101 (47.4) | ||||
| 2 | 278 (61.6) | 342 (41.9) | 116 (54.5) | 111 (52.1) | ||||
| Others | 6 (1.3) | 11 (1.3) | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.5) | ||||
| Entry-to-treat, year | 0 (0-0.3) | 0.2 (0-2.1) | < 0.001 | 0.654 | 0.1 (0-0.4) | 0.1 (0-0.4) | 0.78 | 0.125 |
| Diagnosis status | 0.001 | 0.192 | 0.901 | 0.012 | ||||
| Chronic hepatitis | 373 (82.7) | 612 (74.9) | 174 (81.7) | 173 (81.2) | ||||
| Compensated cirrhosis | 78 (17.3) | 205 (25.1) | 39 (18.3) | 40 (18.8) | ||||
| FIB-4 index | < 0.001 | 0.294 | 0.363 | 0.071 | ||||
| ≤ 1.45 | 156 (34.8) | 156 (19.9) | 69 (32.7) | 59 (29.1) | ||||
| 1.45–3.25 | 155 (34.6) | 326 (41.6) | 74 (35.1) | 85 (41.9) | ||||
| ≥ 3.25 | 137 (30.6) | 302 (38.5) | 68 (32.2) | 59 (29.1) | ||||
| APRI score | 0.562 | 0.096 | 0.108 | 0.048 | ||||
| < 2.0 | 383 (85.1) | 676 (83.9) | 186 (87.7) | 170 (82.1) | ||||
| ≥ 2.0 | 67 (14.9) | 130 (16.1) | 26 (12.3) | 37 (17.9) | ||||
| ALBI score | 0.958 | 0.044 | 0.339 | 0.054 | ||||
| ≤ -2.60 (Grade 1) | 360 (80.0) | 639 (79.9) | 172 (81.1) | 172 (82.7) | ||||
| > -2.60 (Grade 2 or 3) | 90 (20.0) | 161 (20.1) | 40 (18.9) | 36 (16.3) | ||||
| Ever smoker | 228 (50.8) | 15 (37.5) | 0.045 | 0.162 | 95 (44.6) | 93 (43.7) | 0.527 | 0.019 |
| Alcohol intake | < 0.001 | 0.669 | 0.816 | 0.058 | ||||
| None | 171 (38.0) | 19 (47.5) | 98 (46.0) | 104 (48.8) | ||||
| Social | 245 (54.4) | 13 (32.5) | 88 (41.3) | 85 (39.9) | ||||
| Significant1 | 34 (7.6) | 8 (20.0) | 27 (12.7) | 24 (11.3) | ||||
| Fatty liver disease on imaging study | 77 (22.8), n = 337 | 131 (22.4), n = 586 | 0.863 | 0.039 | 34 (24.3) | 35 (24.8) | 0.917 | 0.013 |
| Anti-HBc IgG positivity | 25 (8.6), n = 290 | 62 (10.5), n = 592 | 0.386 | 0.062 | 12 (7.8) | 15 (9.7) | 0.546 | 0.062 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.7 ± 3.0 | 23.9 ± 3.1 | 0.429 | 0.047 | 23.9 ± 2.9 | 23.9 ± 3.4 | 0.983 | 0.005 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 61 (13.6) | 122 (14.9) | 0.495 | 0.049 | 26 (12.2) | 22 (10.3) | 0.54 | 0.055 |
| Hypertension | 80 (17.7) | 236 (28.9) | < 0.001 | 0.267 | 45 (21.1) | 44 (20.7) | 0.905 | 0.012 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 3 (0.7) | 24 (2.9) | 0.007 | 0.162 | 2 (0.9) | 3 (1.4) | 0.315 | 0.058 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2 (0.4) | 19 (2.3) | 0.012 | 0.172 | 1 (0.5) | 3 (1.4) | 0.315 | 0.141 |
| Laboratory study | ||||||||
| WBC, × 103/mm3 | 4.99 (3.90-6.10) | 5.40 (4.40-6.63) | < 0.0010.297 | 0.24 | 5.26 (4.25-6.35) | 5.35 (4.50-6.52) | 0.787 | 0.027 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.6 (12.6-14.9) | 13.8 (12.8-14.8) | 0.218 | 0.061 | 13.9 (12.8-14.9) | 13.9 (12.8-14.9) | 0.916 | 0.01 |
| PLT, × 103/mm3 | 177 (136-220) | 173 (130-216) | 0.178 | 0.055 | 176 (136-222) | 180 (139-219) | 0.401 | 0.083 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 4.2 (4.0-4.5) | 4.2 (4.0-4.4) | 0.664 | 0.082 | 4.3 (4.0-4.5) | 4.3 (4.0-4.5) | 0.734 | 0.031 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.7 (0.6-1.0) | 0.7 (0.6-1.0) | < 0.001 | 0.072 | 0.8 (0.6-1.0) | 0.7 (0.6-1.0) | 0.85 | 0.009 |
| ALP, IU/L | 80 (63-113) | 122 (78-250) | 0.012 | 0.612 | 90 (65-126) | 96 (72-183) | 0.524 | 0.072 |
| AST, IU/L | 50 (30-86) | 46 (30-76) | < 0.001 | 0.156 | 50 (32-83) | 42 (27-85) | 0.899 | 0.012 |
| ALT, IU/L | 54 (29-105) | 36 (22-70) | 0.756 | 0.297 | 49 (29-85) | 37 (21-91) | 0.915 | 0.009 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.8 (0.7-1.0) | 0.8 (0.7-1.0) | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.8 (0.7-1.0) | 0.8 (0.7-0.9) | 0.176 | 0.069 |
| PT, INR | 1.03 (0.98-1.08) | 1.04 (0.99-1.10) | 0.434 | 0.111 | 1.03 (0.98-1.08) | 1.04 (0.87-1.09) | 0.67 | 0.038 |
| AFP, ng/dL | 3.3 (2.3-6.3) | 3.8 (2.3-6.5) | 0.142 | 5.8 (4.9-6.5) | 6.1 (5.2-6.5) | 0.278 | 0.034 | |
Significant alcohol intake is defined as weekly alcohol consumption ≥ 210 g for men and ≥ 140 g for women.
Data were presented as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or n (%). AFP: Alpha-feto protein; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; APRI: Aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; DAA: Direct acting antivirals; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; IBT: Interferon-based therapy; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; PLT: Platelet; PT: Prothrombin time; WBC: White blood cell; SVR: Sustained virologic response.