TABLE 2.

Exclusion criteria of the ADS group.

Exclusion criteria of the ADS group
(1) Medical history of metabolic bone disease, spinal trauma, and spinal infection
(2) History of spinal surgery
(3) History of autoimmune diseases, systemic inflammatory diseases, solid tumors, or hematological malignancies
(4) Complicated with severe osteoporosis and severe liver or kidney insufficiency
(5) Pregnant or lactating women
(6) Scoliosis secondary to other organic spinal lesions, such as tumor, trauma, tuberculosis, and metabolism
(7) History of lumbar spine surgery, congenital scoliosis, or undetected idiopathic spinal column scoliosis in adolescents