Table 1.
Association between carbohydrate antigen 125 and clinical features in 108 sarcoidosis patients
|
Characteristics
|
Total patients
|
CA125 ≤ 35 U/mL
|
CA125 > 35 U/mL
|
χ2/Z value
|
P
value
|
|
| Total, n | 108 | 16 | 92 | |||
| Age at diagnosis in yr | 51.00 (44.00, 55.75) | 53.50 (48.25, 56.50) | 50.00 (43.00, 55.75) | -1.108 | 0.268 | |
| Sex | 1.000 | |||||
| Male | 31 (28.7) | 5 (31.3) | 26 (28.3) | |||
| Female | 77 (71.3) | 11 (68.8) | 66 (71.7) | |||
| Clinical presentation | ||||||
| Dyspnea | 76 (70.4) | 10 (62.5) | 66 (71.7) | 0.203 | 0.652 | |
| Cough | 58 (53.7) | 8 (50.0) | 50 (54.3) | 0.104 | 0.748 | |
| Erythema nodosum | 27 (25.0) | 7 (43.8) | 20 (21.7) | 2.446 | 0.118 | |
| Fever | 37 (34.3) | 6 (37.5) | 31 (33.7) | 0.088 | 0.767 | |
| Arthralgia/arthritis | 21 (19.4) | 4 (25.0) | 17 (18.5) | 0.071 | 0.790 | |
| Fatigue | 25 (23.1) | 6 (37.5) | 19 (20.7) | 1.331 | 0.249 | |
| Organ involvement | ||||||
| Pulmonary | 96 (88.9) | 12 (75) | 59 (64.1) | 0.715 | 0.398 | |
| Extra thoracic lymph nodes | 30 (27.8) | 4 (25.0) | 26 (28.3) | 0.000 | 1.000 | |
| Ocular | 12 (11.1) | 2 (12.5) | 10 (10.9) | 0.000 | 1.000 | |
| Liver | 9 (8.3) | 1 (6.3) | 7 (7.6) | 0.000 | 1.000 | |
| Cardiac | 8 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 9 (9.8) | 0.667 | 0.414 | |
| Pleural effusion | 11 (10.2) | 2 (12.5) | 9 (9.8) | 0.000 | 1.000 | |
| Scadding classification of chest radiography | 4.603 | 0.171 | ||||
| 0 | 2 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.2) | |||
| I | 35 (32.4) | 2 (12.5) | 33 (35.9) | |||
| II | 51 (47.2) | 9 (56.3) | 42 (45.7) | |||
| III | 20 (18.5) | 5 (31.3) | 15 (16.3) | |||
| Natural history | 2.357 | 0.125 | ||||
| Asymptomatic or have acute symptoms with spontaneous resolution | 75 (69.4) | 8 (50) | 67 (72.8) | |||
| Relapse or progressive course | 33 (30.6) | 8 (50) | 25 (27.2) | |||
| Treatment | 2.760 | 0.314 | ||||
| Oral steroids | 34 (31.5) | 5 (31.3) | 29 (31.5) | |||
| ICS | 43 (39.8) | 3 (18.8) | 23 (25) | |||
| Oral steroids and methotrexate | 26 (24.1) | 6 (37.5) | 37 (40.2) | |||
| Others | 5 (4.6) | 2 (12.5) | 3 (3.3) | |||
| Pulmonary function tests % of predicted | ||||||
| TLC | 86.45 (80.15, 93.70) | 85.70 (79.23, 95.38) | 86.50 (80.05, 93.55) | -0.061 | 0.952 | |
| RV | 86.45 (80.05, 93.90) | 91.30 (71.50, 97.58) | 85.00 (63.00, 100.10) | -0.208 | 0.835 | |
| FEV1 | 85.40 (79.70, 98.33) | 85.85 (78.30, 92.08) | 85.40 (79.73, 98.60) | -0.511 | 0.610 | |
| FVC | 78.25 (73.30, 86.60) | 84.05 (76.98, 89.83) | 77.80 (73.03, 84.48) | -2.028 | 0.043a | |
| FEV1/FVC | 78.91 (73.68, 85.13) | 78.44 (70.54, 95.28) | 78.91 (73.68, 85.12) | -0.476 | 0.634 | |
| DLCO | 80.60 (73.58, 96.35) | 78.20 (71.30, 90.98) | 81.40 (74.10, 97.00) | -0.697 | 0.486 | |
| Peripheral blood counts | ||||||
| WBC ×109/L | 6.29 (5.35, 7.62) | 6.15 (5.52, 7.56) | 6.29 (5.16, 7.62) | -0.203 | 0.839 | |
| NLR | 2.76 (2.15, 4.01) | 3.74 (2.76, 4.55) | 2.74 (2.03, 3.85) | -2.076 | 0.038a | |
| Serum chemistries | ||||||
| ALT | 19.0 (15.0, 30.0) | 17.5 (15.0, 25.5) | 19.0 (15.0, 30.0) | -0.628 | 0.530 | |
| AST | 23.00 (17.00, 32.00) | 22.50 (17.00, 36.25) | 23.00 (17.00, 28.75) | -0.412 | 0.680 | |
| Cr | 65.00 (53.23, 76.00) | 66.00 (56.75, 81.50) | 65.00 (53.00, 75.00) | -0.978 | 0.328 | |
| ESR | 8.00 (5.00, 17.00) | 6.50 (4.25, 11.50) | 9.00 (5.25, 17.75) | -1.469 | 0.142 | |
| CRP | 1.28 (0.57, 4.60) | 1.58 (0.38, 2.60) | 1.28 (0.59, 4.98) | -1.086 | 0.277 | |
| ACE | 27.50 (15.25, 39.00) | 25.50 (15.25, 37.25) | 28.00 (15.25, 47.25) | -0.620 | 0.535 | |
| BAL % cells | ||||||
| BAL % macrophage | 76.0 (65.5, 88.5) | 76.0 (65.0, 89.0) | 77.5 (65.5, 88.5) | -0.281 | 0.778 | |
| BAL % lymphocyte | 21.00 (8.00, 34.00) | 22.00 (7.25, 34.00) | 20.00 (8.00, 33.75) | -0.407 | 0.684 | |
| CD4+T% | 75.20 (61.90, 84.73) | 72.85 (60.85, 89.00) | 75.20 (62.63, 83.60) | -0.351 | 0.726 | |
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 5.05 (3.30, 9.50) | 7.05 (2.78, 9.50) | 4.90 (3.30, 9.50) | -0.476 | 0.634 | |
a
P < 0.05. Data are presented as n (%) or median with IQR, or as indicated in the column heading. ACE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BAL: Bronchoalveolar lavage; Cr: Creatinine; CRP: C-reactive protein; DLCO: Diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FEV1: Forced expiratory volume 1.0 s; FVC: Forced vital capacity; ICS: Inhaled corticosteroids; NLR: Neutrophil-to-leukocyte ratio; RV: Residual volume; TLC: Total lung capacity; WBC: White blood cell.