| 5-LOX | 5-lipoxygenase |
| AA | Arachidonic acid |
| aMT | Melatonin |
| CaM | Calmodulin |
| COX | Cyclooxygenases |
| ERK | Extracellular-regulated protein kinases |
| GSH-Px | Glutathione peroxidase |
| GSK-3β | Glycogen synthase kinase-3β |
| H2O2 | Hydrogen peroxide |
| HNSCC | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
| HIF-1α | Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α |
| iPLA2 | Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 |
| LOX | Lipoxygenases |
| NAD | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
| O2- | Superoxide anion |
| PCNA | Proliferating cell nuclear antigen |
| PDC | Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex |
| PDH | Pyruvate dehydrogenase |
| PINK1 | PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 |
| PKB | Protein kinase B |
| PLA2 | Phospholipase A2 |
| PrPC | Cellular prion proteins |
| pO2 | Oxygen partial pressure |
| RET | Reverse electron transport |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| SHK | Shikonin |
| SIRT3 | Sirtuin-3 |
| SOD2 | Superoxide dismutase 2 |
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