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. 2022 Aug 21;11(8):1624. doi: 10.3390/antiox11081624

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic summary of regulation and main roles of cytoplasmic and nuclear localized plant glutathione peroxidases. (1) Transcriptional control of GPX gene expression via cis-regulatory elements and transcriptional factors, (2) post-transcriptional regulation of GPX mRNAs by splicing mechanisms, (3) GPX mRNAs can be targeted by different types of miRNAs, (4) Lys decrotonylation can increase the GPX protein activity. Abbreviations: APX, ascorbate peroxidase; AsA, ascorbic acid; CAT, catalase; DHA, dehydroascorbate; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; GST, glutathione transferase; LOOH, lipid peroxide/hydroperoxide; mRNA, messenger RNA; miRNA, microRNA; POD, guaiacol peroxidase; RNS, reactive nitrogen species; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TFs, transcription factors; TRX, thioredoxin.