Table 2.
Participant characteristics at baseline in the placebo and PMBE groups 1.
| Placebo (n = 30) | PMBE (n = 32) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | 0.960 | ||
| Male | 12 (40.0) | 13 (40.6) | |
| Female | 18 (60.0) | 19 (59.4) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.681 | ||
| Oceanian | 17 (56.7) | 15 (46.9) | |
| Oceanian/North-west European | 5 (16.7) | 6 (18.8) | |
| North-west European | 5 (16.7) | 9 (28.1) | |
| South-east European | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Other 2 | 2 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | |
| Age (y) | 63.85 ± 0.92 | 65.22 ± 0.90 | 0.293 |
| Height (cm) | 166.90 ± 1.68 | 166.7 ± 1.78 | 0.941 |
| Weight (kg) | 71.50 ± 2.36 | 70.83 ± 2.64 | 0.851 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.33 ± 0.58 | 25.06 ± 0.59 | 0.746 |
| Medication use for: | |||
| High blood pressure | 4 (13.3) | 5 (15.6) | 0.798 |
| High cholesterol | 1 (3.3) | 5 (15.6) | 0.102 |
| GORD | 2 (6.7) | 4 (12.5) | 0.438 |
| Anxiety | 4 (13.3) | 1 (3.1) | 0.140 |
| Other 3 | 8 (26.7) | 5 (15.6) | 0.286 |
| MET (min/week) 4 | 4329.6 (2493, 6456) | 4452 (1983, 6698) | 0.822 |
| Compliance 5 | 98.85 ± 0.52 | 98.61 ± 0.31 | 0.596 |
1 Values are reported as means ± SEM or median or interquartile range (25th percentile, 75th percentile) depending on data distribution for continuous measures and as n (%) for categorical measures. Independent samples t-test was used to compare baseline data across groups for normally distributed continuous data, Wilcoxon rank-sum test for non-normally distributed data and chi-square for categorical data. 2 Other races include South-East Asian (n = 1), Oceanian/Southern and Eastern European (n = 1), North-West European/North African and Middle Eastern (n = 1) and North African and Middle Eastern/Sub-Saharan African (n = 1). 3 Values reported as median and (interquartile range) as data is non-normally distributed. 4 Other includes medications for hypothyroidism, herpes, hormone replacement. 5 Compliance is reported for all 60 participants who completed the 12-week intervention. GORD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; MET, metabolic equivalent; PMBE, Pinus massoniana bark extract; PL, placebo.