MMP-3	metalloproteinase 3
TNF-α	tumour necrosis factor α
IL-1β	interleukin 1β
VMAT2	vesicular monoamine transporter 2
LTP	long-term potential
ALS	amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
p38MAPK	p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
LDH	lactate dehydrogenase
CK-MB	creatine kinase MB
GLUT-4	glucose transporter 4
GPxR	glutathione peroxidase
TRxR	thioredoxin reductase
GLP-1R	receptor for GLP-1
ROS	reactive oxygen species
JNK-1	c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1
TLR-2	Toll-like receptor-2
TLR-4	Toll-like receptor-4
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
SOCS-3	suppressor of cytokine signalling 3
PKA	cAMP-dependent protein kinase A
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
MCP-1	monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
IL-6	interleukin 6
IL-10	interleukin 10
SFTPB, SFTPC, SFTPD	surfactant proteins B, C, D
GLP-1	glucagon-like protein-1
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3-kinase
cAMP	cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CREB	cAMP-response element-binding protein
Bcl-2/Bax	B-cell lymphoma-2
AKT	protein kinase b
HIF-1a	Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
BP	blood pressure
HR	heart rate
AChE	acetylcholinesterase