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. 2022 Jul 27;12(8):1039. doi: 10.3390/biom12081039

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of Astaxanthin on oxidative stress in EMS affected ASC cells. (a) Dot-Plots for intracellular ROS production detected by dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence staining. (b) Average percentages of total ROS+ cells in each experimental group. (c) Measurement of SOD Activity performed with Cayman Superoxidase Dismutase Assay Kit. (d) antioxidant capacity by Cayman’s Antioxidant Assay Kit. (e) Relative gene expression of SOD1 and SOD2 transcripts. A comparison of EMS, treatment groups and untreated healthy cells is shown by an asterisk (*). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.