Table 2.

Recent research on ZIF–8–based nanoplatforms for individual cancer therapy.

Applications	Nanocomposites	Animal Models/Cancer Cell Types	Functions
Immunotherapy	NV–ZIFMCF	BALB/c mice bearing 4T1 tumors/ MCF–7/HeLa cells	a higher efficacy to activate T cells/tumor–specific targeted delivery [41]
	KN046@19F–ZIF–8	BALB/c mice bearing B16F10 tumors/B16F10 cells	improved the immune response rate of the antibody drug [42]
	CpG/ZANPs	C57BL/6 mice bearing EG7–OVA tumors/none	induced strong antigen–specific humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses [34]
ST	ZIF–8@GOx/HRP	Kunming mice bearing U14 tumors/ HeLa cells	interrupted the glucose–dependent energy supply/produced high toxic ROS [47]
	CHC/Gox@ZIF–8	BALB/c–Nude mice bearing SiHa tumors/MCF–7 cells	dual–blocked the main energy sources (glucose and lactate) [48]
PDT	ZIF–8@Ce6–HA	BALB/c mice bearing HepG2 tumors/HepG2 cells	increased the efficiency of PDT [63]
	ZnPc@ZIF–8	None/HepG2 cells	excellent photodynamic activity [64]
	Au@ZIF–8	BALB/c mice bearing EMT–6 tumors/EMT–6 cells	alleviated tumor hypoxia/promoted the production of 1O2 [65]
	PMs	BALB/c nude mice bearing patient–derived bladder tumors/patient–derived cancer cells	reduced intratumor oxygen consumption/increased the efficiency of PDT [66]
	BSA–MnO2/Ce6@ZIF–8	Kunming mice bearing U14 tumors/HeLa cells	alleviated tumor hypoxia/increased the efficiency of PDT [33]
PTT	GBZ	BALB/c nude mice bearing Huh–7 tumors/Huh–7/MCF–7 cells	achieved low temperature PTT [71]
	Cy5.5&ICG@ZIF–8–Dextran	BALB/c nude mice bearing A549 tumors/A549 cells	increased the efficiency of PTT/tumor–specific targeted delivery [53]
Chemotherapy	RAPA@ZIF–8	NOD/SCID mice bearing MCF–7/ADR tumors/MCF–7 cells	adjunct chemotherapy with the switch of survival–to death–promoting autophagy [9]
	Camptothecin@ZIF–8@RGD	None/HeLa cells	targeted and enhanced cancer treatment [16]
	HA/ZIF/DQ	BALB/c nude mice bearing HepG2/ADR tumors/HepG2 cells	remodeled the tumor microenvironment and facilitated the penetration of drug into deep tumor tissue [79]
GT	RNase A@ZIF–8	None/A549 cells	exhibited an in vitro anti–proliferative effect [91]
	C3–ZIF(cell membrane type)	Mice bearing MCF–7 tumors/ MCF–7/HeLa cells	improved cell–type selectivity in genome editing [94]

Abbreviations: NV, nivolumab; OVA, antigen ovalbumin; CpG, cytosine–phosphate–guanine; GOx, glucose oxidase; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; ST, starvation therapy; CHC, α–cyano–4–hydroxycinnamate; Ce6, chlorin e6; HA, hyaluronic acid; PDT, photodynamic therapy; ZnPc, zinc(II) phthalocyanine; BSA, bovine serum albumin; PTT, photothermal therapy; ¹O₂, singlet oxygen; PMs, MPEG₂₀₀₀ –ZIF/ phycocyanin composites; GBZ, gambogic acid/Bi@ZIF–8); Cy5.5, cyanine–5.5; ICG, indocyanine green; RAPA, rapamycin; RGD, Arg–Gly–Asp; DQ, doxorubicin and quercetin; GT, gene therapy; RNase A, ribonuclease A.