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Schematic representation of selected pro-tumorigenic functions of CAFs. CAFs induce (1) angiogenesis and tumor growth, (2) invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, (3) modulation of the immune system, including recruitment and activation of immune suppressors and inhibition of anti-tumor effector cells, and (4) therapy-resistance through ECM production and remodeling (created with BioRender.com accessed 19 June 2022).
