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(a) Schematic of the dual-layer Raman reporter molecule 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) modified SiO2-Ag Nanoparticles via LFIA. (b) SARS-CoV-2 S-protein-modified SiO2-Ag SERS probes preparation. (c) The SERS-LFIA strip’s operating concept for simultaneous high-sensitivity anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG identification. Reproduced with permission from ref. [130]. Copyright 2021 Elsevier.
