Table 3.

Representative studies of the coronaviruses (COVID-19 and SARS CoV-2) by SERS.

Name of Virus	LoD/Virus Concentration	Laser (nm)	Strategy/ Type of Measurement	SERS Substrate	Ref.
SARS-CoV-2	-	-	Multivariate analysis	ACE2@SN-SERS substrate	[132]
COVID-19	153.3 pM, 230.37 pM	526, 558	LSPR	Silver nanodot	[137]
COVID-19	17.7 pM	785	-	Gold nanoparticles	[133]
COVID-19 Viral antigen	~4 pg/mL	-	-	Gold nanoparticles	[134]
SARS-CoV-2	${10}^2$ vp/mL	785 nm	Multivariate analysis	AgNP substrate	[138]
SARS-CoV-2	100 PFU/test	633 nm	-	Ag@BCNPs (based on silver nanoparticles)	[135]
SARS-CoV-2 S	${10}^{-9}$ M	632.8 nm	Concentration-dependent study	Silicon nanorod substrates	[136]