Table 6.
The risk for metabolic syndrome among South African males aged 20 years and older by anthropometric indices.
| Unadjusted | Adjusted OR model 1 | Adjusted OR model 2 | Adjusted OR model 3 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropometric indices | Crude OR | 95% CI | p -Value |
Crude OR |
95% CI | p- Value | Crude OR | 95% CI | p -Value |
Crude OR |
95% CI | p -Value |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.277 | 1.182–1.379 | <0.001 | 1.261 | 1.166–1.363 | <0.001 | 1.271 | 1.170–1.382 | <0.001 | 1.269 | 1.165–1.382 | <0.001 |
| WHtR (cat) | 0.023 | 0.003–0.174 | <0.001 | 0.026 | 0.003–0.196 | <0.001 | 0.028 | 0.004–0.215 | 0.001 | 0.030 | 0.004–0.232 | 0.001 |
| %BF | 1.214 | 1.145–1.288 | <0.001 | 1.213 | 1.137–1.294 | <0.001 | 1.221 | 1.140–1.308 | <0.001 | 1.220 | 1.136–1.309 | <0.001 |
| ABSI (cat) | 2.853 | 0.254–32.041 | 0.395 | 1.663 | 0.145–19.041 | 0.683 | 2.228 | 0.170–29.270 | 0.540 | 1.754 | 0.123–25.036 | 0.679 |
| BRI | 1.922 | 1.549–2.386 | <0.001 | 1.817 | 1.466–2.250 | <0.001 | 1.860 | 1.478–2.342 | <0.001 | 1.819 | 1.442–2.294 | <0.001 |
| CUN-BAE | 1.215 | 1.146–1.288 | <0.001 | 1.202 | 1.132–1.276 | <0.001 | 1.210 | 1.136–1.289 | <0.001 | 1.210 | 1.134–1.292 | <0.001 |
| CI cat | 2.853 | 0.254–32.041 | 0.395 | 1.663 | 0.145–19.041 | 0.683 | 2.228 | 0.170–29.270 | 0.540 | 1.754 | 0.123–25.036 | 0.679 |
| MetS risk factors | ||||||||||||
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 5.468 | 2.879–10.387 | <0.001 | 5.883 | 2.957–11.703 | <0.001 | 6.205 | 2.986–12.892 | <0.001 | 7.370 | 3.337–16.279 | <0.001 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 0.089 | 0.026–0.308 | <0.001 | 0.085 | 0.023–0.320 | <0.001 | 0.079 | 0.020–0.308 | <0.001 | 0.067 | 0.016–0.288 | <0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 1.869 | 1.402–2.492 | <0.001 | 1.765 | 1.317–2.366 | <0.001 | 1.693 | 1.254–2.286 | 0.001 | 1.770 | 1.295–2.419 | 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 1.063 | 1.037–1.089 | <0.001 | 1.064 | 1.037–1.092 | <0.001 | 1.070 | 1.041–1.101 | <0.001 | 1.067 | 1.037–1.098 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 1.121 | 1.080–1.163 | <0.001 | 1.117 | 1.075–1.161 | <0.001 | 1.121 | 1.077–1.167 | <0.001 | 1.119 | 1.073–1.168 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (cat) | 0.099 | 0.049–0.201 | <0.001 | 0.108 | 0.052–0.223 | <0.001 | 0.092 | 0.042–0.203 | <0.001 | −0.102 | 0.046–0.226 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 1.097 | 1.065–1.129 | <0.001 | 1.090 | 1.059–1.122 | <0.001 | 1.092 | 1.059–1.126 | <0.001 | 1.090 | 1.056–1.124 | <0.001 |
Three logistic regression models were applied: model 1, adjusted for age; model 2, adjusted for age, race, marital status, driving experience in years, and education; and model 3, further adjusted for age, race, marital status, driving experience in years, education, smoking, alcohol and physical activity. BMI, Body Mass index; WC, Waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height Ratio; %BF, percentage body fat; ABSI, a body shape index; BRI, body roundness index; CUN-BAE, Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator; CI, Conicity index; MetS, metabolic syndrome; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG, fasting blood glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; WC, waist circumference. Cat: categorical variable, Hypertension: systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg, WHtR: (> 0.5), CI: (>1.25), ABSI: > 0.086.