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. 2022 Aug 22;12(8):1220–1243. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe12080085

Table 8.

MBI effects over mindfulness variables (significant statistical change and consistency analysis) *.

Period Variables Discrepancy or Consistency of Results ID (Period)
1 Orientation to experience * Cannot compare, only one study: 61 (1) *
Self-Regulated Attention + No significant changes.
2 General Mindfulness (FFMQ) ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Observing ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Describing ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Acting with awareness ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Non-judging ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Non-reacting ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Trait Mindfulness (MAAS-C) *+ Discrepancy between periods: 58 (2) *, 77 (4) *//71 (3) +
3 Kinesthetic Mindfulness * Cannot compare, only one study: 64 (3) *
External Mindfulness + No significant changes.
Internal Mindfulness * Cannot compare, only one study: 64 (3) *
Mindfulness (CAMM) *+ Discrepancy between periods: 63 (3) *//59 (4) +, 79 (4) +, 83 (4) +
4 General Mindfulness (FFMQ) ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Observing ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Describing ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Acting with awareness ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Non-judging ** Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Trait Mindfulness (MAAS-C) *+ Consistency between periods: 60 (2) *, 57 (4) *
Mindfulness (CAMM) *+ Discrepancy between periods: 63 (3) *//59 (4) +, 79 (4) +, 83 (4) +
Mind Wandering * Cannot compare, only one study: 83 (4) *

Note: Variables column: * Significant statistical change post-intervention; + No significant change; ** Consistent significant change (2 or more studies); *+ Discrepant changes within or between periods (2 or more studies). Discrepancy/Consistency column: ID (period) * Significant statistical change; //ID (period) + non-significant change post intervention.