Table 1.
Overall population characteristics and population characteristics stratified by sex and metabolic syndrome status among adults aged 30–70 years (n = 1337).
| Total (n = 1337) | p | Males (n = 693) | p | Females (n = 644) | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MetS | No MetS | MetS | No MetS | MetS | No MetS | ||||
| (n = 219) | (n = 1118) | <0.001 | (n = 91) | (n = 602) | (n = 128) | (n = 516) | |||
| N (%) | |||||||||
| Age | 219 (16.40) | 1118 (83.60) | <0.001 | 91 (13.10) | 602 (86.90) | 0.077 | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | <0.001 |
| 30–39 | 44 (3.30) | 304 (22.70) | 20 (2.90) | 160 (23.10) | 24 (3.70) | 144 (22.40) | |||
| 40–49 | 36 (2.70) | 285 (21.30) | 13 (1.90) | 143 (20.60) | 23 (3.60) | 142 (22.00) | |||
| 50–59 | 74 (5.50) | 302 (22.60) | 31 (4.50) | 161 (23.20) | 43 (6.70) | 141 (21.90) | |||
| 60–70 | 65 (4.90) | 227 (17.00) | 27 (3.90) | 138 (19.90) | 38 (5.90) | 89 (13.80) | |||
| Education level | 219 (16.40) | 1118 (83.60) | 0.003 | 91 (13.10) | 602 (86.90) | 0.013 | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | 0.034 |
| Illiterate | 1 (0.10) | 1 (0.10) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.20) | 1 (0.20) | |||
| Literate | 1 (0.11) | 1 (0.11) | 1 (1.10) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.20) | |||
| Elementary | 13 (1.00) | 46 (3.40) | 1 (1.10) | 22 (3.20) | 12 (1.90) | 24 (3.70) | |||
| Junior | 15 (1.10) | 76 (5.70) | 5 (0.70) | 37 (5.30) | 10 (1.60) | 39 (6.10) | |||
| Senior | 71 (5.30) | 318 (23.80) | 25 (3.60) | 146 (21.10) | 46 (7.20) | 172 (26.80) | |||
| Undergraduate | 112 (8.30) | 548 (41.00) | 54 (7.80) | 309 (44.60) | 58 (8.90) | 239 (37.10) | |||
| Graduate | 6 (0.40) | 128 (9.60) | 5 (0.70) | 88 (12.70) | 1 (0.20) | 40 (6.20) | |||
| Marriage | 219 (16.40) | 1118 (83.60) | 0.132 | 91 (13.20) | 602 (86.80) | 0.704 | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | 0.043 |
| Single | 25 (1.90) | 161 (12.10) | 10 (1.40) | 77 (11.10) | 15 (2.30) | 84 (13.10) | |||
| Married | 170 (12.70) | 836 (62.50) | 74 (10.70) | 495 (71.40) | 96 (14.90) | 341 (52.90) | |||
| Separated/Divorced | 11 (0.80) | 82 (6.10) | 5 (0.70) | 23 (3.30) | 6 (0.90) | 59 (9.20) | |||
| Widowed | 13 (1.00) | 39 (2.90) | 2 (0.30) | 7 (1.00) | 11 (1.70) | 32 (5.00) | |||
| Working Status | 161 (16.93) | 790 (83.07) | 0.002 | 67 (14.00) | 411 (86.00) | 0.048 | 94 (19.90) | 379 (80.10) | 0.033 |
| Yes | 87 (9.15) | 528 (55.52) | 39 (8.20) | 289 (60.50) | 48 (10.10) | 239 (50.00) | |||
| No | 74 (7.78) | 262 (27.55) | 28 (5.90) | 122 (25.50) | 46 (9.70) | 140 (29.60) | |||
| Alcohol Consumption Status | 219 (16.40) | 1118 (83.60) | 0.327 | 91 (13.20) | 602 (86.80) | 0.035 | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | 0.700 |
| No | 189 (14.10) | 1000 (74.80) | 66 (9.50) | 499 (72.00) | 123 (19.10) | 501 (77.80) | |||
| Ever, Stop drinking | 10 (0.70) | 33 (2.50) | 9 (1.30) | 28 (4.00) | 1 (0.20) | 5 (0.80) | |||
| Yes | 20 (1.50) | 85 (6.40) | 16 (2.30) | 75 (10.80) | 4 (0.60) | 10 (1.60) | |||
| Smoking Status | 219 (16.40) | 1118 (83.60) | 0.383 | 91 (13.20) | 602 (86.80) | 0.483 | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | 0.79 |
| Never Smoker | 173 (12.90) | 847 (63.40) | 55 (7.90) | 363 (52.40) | 118 (18.30) | 484 (75.20) | |||
| Former Smoker | 28 (2.10) | 144 (10.80) | 23 (3.30) | 127 (18.30) | 5 (0.80) | 17 (2.60) | |||
| Current Smoker | 18 (1.30) | 127 (9.50) | 13 (1.90) | 112 (16.20) | 5 (0.80) | 15 (2.30) | |||
| Betel Nut Consumption | 219 (16.40) | 1118 (83.60) | 0.092 | 91 (13.20) | 602 (86.80) | 0.014 | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | 0.618 |
| No | 212 (15.90) | 1098 (82.10) | 84 (12.10) | 583 (84.10) | 128 (19.90) | 515 (80.00) | |||
| Occasional or Socializing | 6 (0.40) | 11 (0.80) | 6 (0.90) | 10 (1.40) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.20) | |||
| Yes (Every Day) | 1 (0.10) | 9 (0.70) | 1 (0.10) | 9 (1.30) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | |||
| Regular Exercise | 219 (16.40) | 1118 (83.60) | 0.894 | 91 (13.20) | 602 (86.80) | 0.147 | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | 0.078 |
| Yes | 94 (7.00) | 474 (35.50) | 35 (5.10) | 280 (40.50) | 59 (9.20) | 194 (30.10) | |||
| No | 125 (9.40) | 644 (48.10) | 56 (8.10) | 322 (46.40) | 69 (10.70) | 322 (50.00) | |||
| Weight Control | 219 (16.4) | 1118 (83.6) | 0.970 | 91 (13.20) | 602 (86.80) | 0.710 | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | 0.468 |
| Yes | 154 (11.50) | 721 (53.90) | 68 (9.80) | 392 (56.60) | 86 (13.40) | 329 (51.10) | |||
| No | 65 (4.90) | 397 (29.70) | 23 (13.10) | 210 (30.30) | 42 (6.50) | 187 (29.00) | |||
| Menopausal Status | - | - | - | - | - | - | 128 (19.90) | 516 (80.10) | 0.004 |
| Premenopausal | - | - | - | - | 56 (8.70) | 298 (46.30) | |||
| Postmenopausal | - | - | - | - | 72 (11.20) | 218 (33.90) | |||