Table 5.
Prevalence odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for MetS stratified by age and sex.
| Phthalate Metabolites | Males | Females | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <50 Years | ≥50 Years | <50 Years | ≥50 Years | ||||||||||
| (n = 336) | (n = 357) | (n = 333) | (n = 311) | ||||||||||
| MEOHP | Q1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||||
| Q2 | 0.94 | (0.31, | 2.84) | 0.98 | (0.42, | 2.24) | 0.32 | (0.10, | 0.97) * | 1.11 | (0.40, | 3.08) | |
| Q3 | 0.43 | (0.10, | 1.80) | 0.60 | (0.21, | 1.68) | 0.76 | (0.30, | 1.95) | 1.43 | (0.56, | 3.67) | |
| Q4 | 0.78 | (0.21, | 2.95) | 1.02 | (0.40, | 2.59) | 0.31 | (0.10, | 0.93) * | 0.79 | (0.29, | 2.16) | |
| MBzP | Q1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||||
| Q2 | 0.85 | (0.25, | 2.86) | 0.75 | (0.30, | 1.87) | 0.04 | (0.01, | 0.31) * | 1.42 | (0.59, | 3.44) | |
| Q3 | 2.17 | (0.69, | 6.85) | 0.82 | (0.30, | 2.22) | 0.37 | (0.15, | 0.93) * | 1.78 | (0.69, | 4.592) | |
| Q4 | 1.18 | (0.26, | 5.28) | 1.73 | (0.71, | 4.24) | 0.31 | (0.12, | 0.82) * | 0.98 | (0.35, | 2.75) | |
| MEP | Q1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||||
| Q2 | 0.84 | (0.23, | 3.13) | 3.11 | (1.12, | 8.63) * | 1.76 | (0.48, | 6.39) | 0.55 | (0.20, | 1.54) | |
| Q3 | 1.95 | (0.62, | 6.15) | 2.32 | (0.84, | 6.37) | 1.75 | (0.49, | 6.33) | 0.98 | (0.38, | 2.58) | |
| Q4 | 0.54 | (0.12, | 2.39) | 2.07 | (0.74, | 5.79) | 1.68 | (0.49, | 5.83) | 1.16 | (0.45, | 2.99) | |
| MiBP | Q1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||||
| Q2 | 0.18 | (0.05, | 0.75) * | 1.02 | (0.43, | 2.43) | 0.47 | (0.17, | 1.31) | 0.58 | (0.24, | 1.42) | |
| Q3 | 0.37 | (0.11, | 1.26) | 0.96 | (0.37, | 2.50) | 1.00 | (0.38, | 2.61) | 0.58 | (0.24, | 1.36) | |
| Q4 | 0.67 | (0.19, | 2.38) | 0.90 | (0.35, | 2.29) | 0.32 | (0.10, | 1.05) # | 0.73 | (0.29, | 1.83) | |
| ΣDEHP | Q1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||||
| Q2 | 0.71 | (0.24, | 2.11) | 0.35 | (0.12, | 0.98) * | 0.87 | (0.19, | 3.91) | 1.85 | (0.35, | 9.87) | |
| Q3 | 1.08 | (0.33, | 3.47) | 0.77 | (0.32, | 1.85) | 0.66 | (0.15, | 3.00) | 3.97 | (0.82, | 19.36) # | |
| Q4 | 0.24 | (0.03, | 1.96) | 0.80 | (0.29, | 2.18) | 0.60 | (0.13, | 2.68) | 2.66 | (0.54, | 13.05) | |
Abbreviations: MEOHP (Mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate); MBzP (monobenzyl phthalate); MEP (monoethyl phthalate); MiBP (monoisobutyl phthalate); ∑DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [molar sum of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), and Mono(2-carboxymethylhexyl) phthalate (MCMHP]). # p < 0.10 * p < 0.05. Adjusted for urinary creatinine, age, education, and working status.