Table 1.
Objectively assessed and self-reported daily minutes of active SM use and discrepancies between measures overall and by sex.
| Overall (N = 319) | Males (N = 121) | Females (N = 198) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |
| Objective Measure | |||
| Facebook A | 11.49 (18.26) ***C, D | 10.34 (20.51) | 12.19 (16.75) |
| Twitter B | 14.32 (33.65) ***C, D | 14.25 (29.01) | 14.36 (36.20) |
| Instagram C | 34.42 (37.49) ***A, B | 27.60 (28.12) | 38.58 (41.71) |
| Snapchat D | 41.75 (43.09) ***A, B | 35.65 (36.43) | 45.46 (46.37) |
| Total SM | 101.99 (91.70) | 87.84 (75.85) | 110.60 (99.32) |
| Self-Report Measure | |||
| Facebook A | 18.28 (30.12) ***C, D | 17.00 (29.58) | 19.07 (30.49) |
| Twitter B | 20.69 (32.75) ***C, D | 18.93 (29.35) | 21.76 (34.69) |
| Instagram C | 49.96 (52.12) ***A, B | 31.56 (27.82) | 61.21 (59.82) |
| Snapchat D | 57.51 (68.08) ***A, B | 42.31 (43.18) | 66.80 (78.21) |
| Total SM | 146.38 (129.54) | 109.80 (87.01) | 168.74 (145.44) |
| Meandiff | |||
| Facebook A | −6.83 (28.62) *** | −6.65 (27.76) ** | −6.93 (29.21) *** |
| Twitter B | −6.34 (35.68) ** | −4.70 (28.89) | −7.34 (39.29) ** |
| Instagram C | −15.53 (55.28) *** | −3.95 (29.72) | −22.60 (65.28) *** |
| Snapchat D | −15.98 (65.10) *** | −6.66 (37.25) | −21.67 (76.87) *** |
| Total SM | −44.60 (137.79) *** | −21.95 (78.50) ** | −58.45 (162.44) *** |
Notes. Objective and Self-Report Measure rows in the overall column flag significant differences between time spent on individual SM platforms which are labeled A–D (Facebook A, Twitter B, Instagram C, and Snapchat D). The Meandiff rows at the bottom of the table indicate significant mean differences between Objective and Self-Report Measures for each platform and overall (computed as Objective minus Self-report) are flagged. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 throughout).