Table 1.
Changes in the intestinal microflora and gestational pathologies.
| Complications | An Increase | A Decrease | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Preeclampsia | Prevotella Porphyromonas Varibaculum Lactobacillusdata |
[40] | |
| Proteobacteria Actinobacteria |
[17] | ||
| Bulleidia Moorei Clostridium perfringens Coprococcus catus data |
[58] | ||
| FGR | Enterococcus Acinetobacter |
[66] | |
| Oscillospira Coprococcus |
[67] | ||
| Bacteroides Faecalibacterium Lachnospira |
[68] | ||
| GDM | Firmicutes | Bacteroidetes | [89] |
| Actinobacteria | [87] | ||
| Klebsiella Parabacteroides distasonis Klebsiella variicola |
Methanobrevibacter smithii Alistipes Bifidobacterium Eubacterium Metaniirevibacter Alistipes Bifidobacterium Eubacterium |
[76] | |
| Bacteroides Firmicutes Ruminococcus Eubacterium Prevotella |
Akkermansia Bacteroides Parabacteroides Roseburia Dialister |
[78] | |
| Collinsella Rothia Desulfovibrio Actinobacteria |
[90] | ||
| Overweight, obesity, and excessive weight gain in pregnancy | Bacteroides Firmicutes |
[93] | |
| Firmicutes Fecal cocci Streptococcus Actinomycetes |
[94] | ||
| Verrucomicrobia | [76] | ||
| Bacteroidetes Firmicutes Lactobacillus species |
[98] | ||
| Lactobacillus reuteri | [99,100] | ||
| Firmicutes Bacteroidetes |
[101] | ||
| Bacteroides Staphylococcus |
[102] | ||
| Firmicutes | Bacteroidetes Bifidobacterium |
[97] | |
| Parabacteroides | [107,108] | ||
| Lachnospira | [109] | ||
| Faecalibacterium prausnitzii | [110] | ||
| Christensenellaceae | [111] | ||
| Ruminococcus | [101] | ||
| Bifidobacterium families | [119] | ||
| Blautia | [115] | ||
| Premature birth and cervical insufficiency | Clostridium Bacteroides |
[124] | |
| Bifidobacterium Streptococcus Clostridiales |
[128] |
GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus); FGR (fetal growth restriction).