Table 2.
Form a Protective Layer | Modify Hydroxy-Apatite | Modify Salivary Pellicle |
Neutralise Acid | Supply Mineral Ions | Inhibit MMPs | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fluoride agents | ||||||
NaF | ||||||
AmF | ? | ? | ||||
SnF2 | ||||||
TiF4 | ? | ? | ||||
SDF | ? | |||||
Calcium phosphate-based agents | ||||||
CPP-ACP | ||||||
CSSP | ? | |||||
β-TCP | ? | |||||
n-HAP | ? | |||||
TMP/SHP | * | |||||
LPP | * | |||||
Pyrophosphate | ? | |||||
Calcium lactate | ? | |||||
Organic compounds | ||||||
PVM/MA | ? | |||||
Carbopol | * | |||||
PGA | * | |||||
Arginine | ? | |||||
Aspartame | ? | ? | ||||
CaneCPI-5 | ||||||
Casein | ||||||
Chitosan | ||||||
Palm oil | ? | |||||
EGCG | ||||||
Euclea natalensis | ||||||
Proanthocyanidin | ? | |||||
Other agents | ||||||
EBTiO2 | ? | |||||
Mg(OH)2 | ? | |||||
FeSO4 | ? | |||||
NaHCO3 | ? | ? | ||||
CHX | ? | ? |
, positive impact; , negative impact; , no property; ?, unknown; NaF, sodium fluoride; SnF2, stannous fluoride; AmF, amine fluoride; TiF4, titanium tetrafluoride; SDF, silver diamine fluoride; CPP-ACP, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate; CPP-ACFP, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate; CSSP, calcium silicate and sodium phosphate; β-TCP, β-tricalcium phosphate; TMP, sodium trimetaphosphate; SHP, sodium hexametaphosphate; LPP, linear sodium polyphosphate; n-HAP, nano-hydroxyapatite; PVM/MA, polymethylvinylether-maleic anhydride; PGA, propylene glycol alginate; EGCG, epigallocatechin gallate; CaneCPI-5, sugarcane cystatin; EBTiO2, nano eggshell/titanium dioxide; Mg(OH)2, magnesium hydroxide; FeSO4, ferrous sulfate; NaHCO3, sodium bicarbonate; CHX, chlorhexidine.