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. 2022 Aug 12;19(16):9983. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19169983

Table 3.

The mean and the SD of change talk and sustain talk by combinations with reactions.

Motivational Language, Mean (SD)
Combination of Comment and Reaction
Non-Combined Like Love Haha
(n = 304) (n = 49) (n = 10) (n = 15)
Change Talk (CT)
1.24 b
(0.99)
1.24 b
(0.78)
2.60 b
(0.97)
0.67 b
(0.72)
Sustain Talk (ST)
0.54
(0.62)
0.45
(0.77)
0.50
(0.85)
0.80
(0.56)
All Motivational Utterances (CT + ST)
1.78 a
(1.03)
1.69 a
(1.08)
3.10 a
(1.37)
1.47 a
(0.74)
The Proportion of Change Talk [CT/(CT + ST)]
0.64 a
(0.42)
0.76 a
(0.37)
0.89 a
(0.19)
0.40 a
(0.44)
The Proportion of Sustain Talk [ST/(CT + ST)]
0.36 a
(0.42)
0.24 a
(0.37)
0.11 a
(0.19)
0.60 a
(0.44)

a Significant difference, p < 0.05 (2-tailed). b Highly significant difference, p < 0.001 (2-tailed).