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. 2022 Aug 18;14(4):621–634. doi: 10.3390/idr14040067

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The majority of fosfomycin resistance mechanisms are chromosomally mediated, interfering with the antibiotic transport into bacteria. Mutations of the glpT transporter gene cause reduced fosfomycin permeability. The functional G6P-inducible UhpT transport system overrules resistance, maintaining fosfomycin permeability. Cysteine/aspartate substitution in the active site of MurA provokes conformational modification that prevents fosfomycin binding. Fos enzymes inactivate fosfomycin by modifying its molecular structure. Abbreviations: F, fosfomycin; GlpT, L-alpha-glycerophosphate transport system; UhpT, hexose-6-phosphate transport system; G6P, glucose-6-phosphate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; UNAG, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine; MurA, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase; P, phosphate; UDPMurNAc, UDP N-acetylmuramic acid; Fos, fos enzymes. Created with BioRender.com; accessed on 4 August 2022.