Figure 9.

Metformin decreased NETs induction in human neutrophils. Human neutrophils were treated with a vehicle (Control), PMA (100 nM), HMGB1 (1 μg/mL), metformin (500 μM) or in combinations as indicated for 3 h. The treated neutrophils were subjected to flowcytometric analysis for the measurement of citrullinated histone H3 positivity with an indicated primary antibody and an Alexa Fluor 488-labeled secondary antibody. Control isotype IgG was used for the purpose of background calibration. Representative plots and quantitative data are shown. * p < 0.05 vs. untreated group, # p < 0.05 vs. PMA group, and & p < 0.05 vs. HMGB1 group, n = 3.