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. 2022 Aug 11;23(16):8976. doi: 10.3390/ijms23168976

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Histogram showing the significant decrease in the anti-inflammatory cytokines (A) IL-4, (B) IL-10, and (C) IL-13 in PW-CVD plasma and in NB-CVD. PW-HC = pregnant women without vascular pathology, PW-CVD = pregnant women with chronic venous disease during gestation, NB-HC = newborns of mothers without vascular pathology, NB-CVD = newborns of mothers with chronic venous disease during gestation. p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.001 (***).